ArticleScientifica2023
Temporomandibular Disorders among Dental Students in Pakistan: Assessment of Prevalence, Severity, and Associated Factors Based on Questionnaire.
Article in Scientifica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of temporomandibular disorders and their association with psychosocial and behavioural factors among medical and dental postgraduate residents: a cross-sectional study.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence and risk factors of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in Chinese medical and dental students.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Sleep Quality and Its Relationship with Temporomandibular Disorders and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life Among Dental Students and Interns: A Cross-Sectional Study.Patient preference and adherence · 2026Article
- Capability of dental practitioners to identify condylar changes on orthopantomograms: a multicenter cross-sectional study in Pakistan.BMC oral health · 2025Article
- Evaluation of IL-1β and CRP mRNA expression levels by RT-PCR in postorthodontic treatment patients with temporomandibular joint disorders: a cross-sectional Study.Journal of International Society of Preventive & Community DentistryArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, severity, and associated factors of temporomandibular disorder (TMD) among dental students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on undergraduate dental students from four dental colleges in Punjab, Pakistan. Fonseca's questionnaire was used to measure the prevalence and severity of the TMD among the study participants. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Of 364 dental students, 323 returned the completed questionnaires and the response rate of the study was 88.7%. The study included 52.6% males and 47.4% females. The prevalence of TMD was 66.9% with mild TMD in 40.90%, moderate TMD in 14.6%, and severe TMD in 11.50% of the participants. Psychological stress (29.6%), malocclusion (20%), and hypersensitivity (19.5%) were common among participants. The mean TMD score of the sample was 31.54 ± 24.86 which was significantly higher among participants with no/school-educated mothers ( Conclusion: This sample of dental students demonstrated a high prevalence and severity of TMD. The participants with arthritis and malocclusion demonstrated higher TMD. The study findings underscore the importance of prevention, early diagnosis, and management of TMD among the dental students.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.