ArticlePloS one2023
Dog breeds and conformations in the UK in 2019: VetCompass canine demography and some consequent welfare implications.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Use of VetCompass Australia data to estimate body weight for antimicrobial stewardship in Australian dogs.Australian veterinary journal · 2026Article
- 'Teleonomes in Tatters': The Welfare Costs of Selecting Dogs for Extreme Phenotypes, and the Case for Change.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Capture of isoflurane from anaesthetised dogs and cats following methadone, medetomidine and ketamine administration.The Veterinary record · 2026Article
- Giant dog breeds under primary veterinary care in the UK: demography, common disorders and mortality.Companion animal health and genetics · 2026Article
- Quantitative genetic analysis of respiratory function and related traits in Bulldogs, French Bulldogs and Pugs.PloS one · 2026Article
- Retrospective evaluation of the prevalence of known and presumed hereditary eye diseases in a population of Labradoodles referred for ophthalmic screening examinations in the Netherlands.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Canine XX Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (SRY-Negative): A Potential Role for theSexual development : genetics, molecular biology, evolution, endocrinology, embryology, and pathology of sex determination and differentiation · 2026Review
- Article
- A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional analysis of fresh and processedFrontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Risk assessment for canine periodontal disease using a hybrid causal Bayesian network.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Sold a pup? Impact of purchasing practices, owner and dog demographics, and puppy early-life experiences on later canine health outcomes in the UK.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2026Article
- Comparing undesirable behaviours between 'designer' Poodle-cross dogs and their purebred progenitor breeds.PloS one · 2026Article
- Lessons from changing soft tissue surgical referral trends for cats and dogs in a UK veterinary university teaching hospital between 2008 and 2018.Companion animal health and genetics · 2025Article
- Are Reusable Dry Electrodes an Alternative to Gelled Electrodes for Canine Surface Electromyography?Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Beauty versus the beast: The UK public prefers less-extreme body shapes in brachycephalic dog breeds.The Veterinary record · 2025Article
- Yorkshire Terriers under primary veterinary care in the UK - demography and disorders.Companion animal health and genetics · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Cervical Myoclonus in Dogs with Spinal Diseases: 113 Cases (2014-2023).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- "A Dog Brings Benefits No Matter Where It's from": UK Residents' Understanding of the Benefits and Risks of Importing Puppies from Romania to the UK.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Impact of an Educational Intervention on Public Perception of Health Problems in Brachycephalic Dogs.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Modern pedigree dogs in the United Kingdom Kennel Club: a journey through shifting population landscapes and demography.Companion animal health and genetics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionGrowing concerns over health and welfare impacts from extreme phenotypes in dogs have created an urgent need for reliable demographic information on the national breed structures of dogs.
methodsThis study included all dogs under primary veterinary care in the UK during 2019 at practices participating in VetCompass. Demographic data on these dogs were analysed to report on the frequency of common breeds and also to report on conformation, bodyweight, sex and neuter associations with these breeds.
resultsThe study included 2,237,105 dogs under UK veterinary care in 2019. Overall, 69.4% (n = 1,551,462) were classified as purebred, 6.7% (149,308) as designer-crossbred and 24.0% (536,335) as nondesigner-crossbred. Across 800 unique breed names, the most frequent breeds at any age were nondesigner-crossbred (n = 536,335, 24.0%), Labrador Retriever (154,222, 6.9%) and Jack Russell Terrier (101,294, 4.5%). Among 229,624 (10.3%) dogs aged under one year, the most frequent breeds were nondesigner-crossbred (n = 45,995, 20.0%), French Bulldog (16,036, 7.0%) and Cockapoo (14,321, 6.2%). Overall, based on breed characteristics, 17.6% (395,739) were classified as brachycephalic, 43.1% (969,403) as mesaticephalic and 8.3% (186,320) as dolichocephalic. Of 1,551,336 dogs that were classifiable based on breed, 52.6% (815,673) were chondrodystrophic. Of 1,462,925 dogs that were classifiable, there were 54.6% (n = 798,426) short haired, 32.6% (476,883) medium haired and 12.8% (186,934) long haired. Of 1,547,653 dogs that were classifiable for ear carriage, 24.5% (n = 379,581) were erect, 28.1% (434,273) were semi-erect, 19.7% (305,475) were v-shaped drop and 27.7% (428,324) were pendulous. Overall, there was a 1.09:1.00 ratio of male (n = 1,163,512; 52.2%) to female dogs (n = 1,067,552; 47.8%).
conclusionsHealth and welfare issues linked to popular breeds with extreme phenotypes suggest that there is much work to do to help owners to make more welfare-friendly decisions when choosing which type of dog to own.
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