SynthesisArthritis research & therapy2023
Interleukin-1β inhibitors for the management of acute gout flares: a systematic literature review.
Synthesis in Arthritis research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- SSGJ-613 Alleviates Pain and Reduces the Risk of Acute Flares in Patients With Gout: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Phase II Study.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Trial
- Efficacy and Safety of Firsekibart in Patients with Acute Gout Unsuitable for Standard Therapy: 48-Week Results from an Open-Label Extension of a Randomized Phase 3 Trial.Advances in therapy · 2026Trial
- Bioequivalence of Two Firsekibart Subcutaneous Formulations: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Single-Dose, Parallel-Group Study in Healthy Chinese Participants.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2026Trial
- Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of Firsekibart, an Anti-interleukin-1β Monoclonal Antibody, in Healthy Chinese Participants: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 1 Study.Advances in therapy · 2025Trial
- Effective xanthine oxidase inhibitor urate lowering therapy in gout is linked to an emergent serum protein interactome of complement and inflammation modulators.Scientific reports · 2024Trial
- Macrophage pyroptosis in lupus nephritis - Novel insights into renal pathogenesis and clinical correlates: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Tissue-Resident Macrophage PIEZO1 Transduces Mechanical Stress into Inflammatory Pain in Acute Gout.Neuroscience bulletin · 2026Article
- Firsekibart in Complex and Refractory Gout Patients Unsuitable for Conventional Therapy: A Real-World Case Series.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness and safety of firsekibart versus compound betamethasone in frequent gout flares: a multicenter retrospective study.Clinical rheumatology · 2026Article
- Encapsulation of Exosomal Volatile Organic Compounds for Modulating the NF-κB Pathway in Monocytes.ACS bio & med chem Au · 2026Article
- Article
- Is Gout an Autoinflammatory Disease?Current rheumatology reports · 2026Review
- Dendrophenol modulates the LRRK1/PIK3AP1 signaling axis: a novel strategy to mitigate inflammation and pyroptosis in gouty arthritis.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Juanbi Lijieqing Decoction Inhibits TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway by Promoting PPARγ Expression to Relieve Acute Gouty Arthritis.Combinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2026Article
- Programmed cell death in gouty nephropathy: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- From soluble uric acid to sodium urate crystal: immune metabolic inflammation driven by uric acid morphological transformation and mechanism-oriented therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Biological Therapies for Urate Lowering and Inflammation Control in Gout Management.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- The sesquiterpene lactone components of Cichorium glandulosum suppress both in vitro and in vivo inflammatory responses by reducing IL-1β levels.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Observational
- Importance and Potential of Rare Disease Research in Pediatric Rheumatology and Beyond: Pushing Frontiers.ACR open rheumatology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe objective of this systematic review was to assess the effects of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) inhibitors on gout flares.
methodsStudies published between 2011 and 2022 that evaluated the effects of IL-1β inhibitors in adult patients experiencing gout flares were eligible for inclusion. Outcomes including pain, frequency and intensity of gout flares, inflammation, and safety were assessed. Five electronic databases (Pubmed/Medline, Embase, Biosis/Ovid, Web of Science and Cochrane Library) were searched. Two independent reviewers performed study screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessments (Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool 2 for randomised controlled trials [RCTs] and Downs and Black for non-RCTs). Data are reported as a narrative synthesis.
resultsFourteen studies (10 RCTs) met the inclusion criteria, with canakinumab, anakinra, and rilonacept being the three included IL-1β inhibitors. A total of 4367 patients with a history of gout were included from the 14 studies (N = 3446, RCTs; N = 159, retrospective studies [with a history of gout]; N = 762, post hoc analysis [with a history of gout]). In the RCTs, canakinumab and rilonacept were reported to have a better response compared to an active comparator for resolving pain, while anakinra appeared to be not inferior to an active comparator for resolving pain. Furthermore, canakinumab and rilonacept reduced the frequency of gout flares compared to the comparators. All three medications were mostly well-tolerated compared to their comparators.
conclusionIL-1β inhibitors may be a beneficial and safe medication for patients experiencing gout flares for whom current standard therapies are unsuitable. REVIEW PROTOCOL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO ID: CRD42021267670.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.