ArticlePediatrics2023
Failure to Complete Multidose Vaccine Series in Early Childhood.
Article in Pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Navigating the divide - demographic and individual predictors of low HPV vaccine uptake in rural Uganda.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Incomplete Routine Childhood Immunizations Among Children Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Louisiana, March 1, 2020-July 1, 2021.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) · 2026Article
- Article
- Monitoring Infant Vaccination Timeliness and Patterns: Progress and Future Directions.Academic pediatrics · 2025Review
- Article
- Early Childhood Vaccination Coverage and Patterns by Rural-Urban Commuting Area.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Incidence Rates for InvasiveVaccines · 2025Article
- Vital Signs: Trends and Disparities in Childhood Vaccination Coverage by Vaccines for Children Program Eligibility - National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2012-2022.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2024Article
- Inequality in Childhood Immunization Coverage: A Scoping Review of Data Sources, Analyses, and Reporting Methods.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Improved vaccine coverage for First Nations children receiving first dose on-reserve: a retrospective cohort study in western Canada.BMJ global health · 2023Article
- National trends in patterns of under-vaccination in early childhood: National Immunization Survey-Child, United States, 2011-2021.Expert review of vaccinesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMost early childhood immunizations require 3 to 4 doses to achieve optimal protection. Our objective was to identify factors associated with starting but not completing multidose vaccine series.
methodsUsing 2019 National Immunization Survey-Child data, US children ages 19 to 35 months were classified in 1 of 3 vaccination patterns: (1) completed the combined 7-vaccine series, (2) did not initiate ≥1 of the 7 vaccine series, or (3) initiated all series, but did not complete ≥1 multidose series. Associations between sociodemographic factors and vaccination pattern were evaluated using multivariable log-linked binomial regression. Analyses accounted for the survey's stratified design and complex weighting.
resultsAmong 16 365 children, 72.9% completed the combined 7-vaccine series, 9.9% did not initiate ≥1 series, and 17.2% initiated, but did not complete ≥1 multidose series. Approximately 8.4% of children needed only 1 additional vaccine dose from 1 of the 5 multidose series to complete the combined 7-vaccine series. The strongest associations with starting but not completing multidose vaccine series were moving across state lines (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 1.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18-1.79), number of children in the household (2 to 3: aPR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05-1.58; 4 or more: aPR = 1.68, 95% CI: 1.30-2.18), and lack of insurance coverage (aPR = 2.03, 95% CI: 1.42-2.91).
conclusionsMore than 1 in 6 US children initiated but did not complete all doses in multidose vaccine series, suggesting children experienced structural barriers to vaccination. Increased focus on strategies to encourage multidose series completion is needed to optimize protection from preventable diseases and achieve vaccination coverage goals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.