ArticlePediatric research2023
Efficacy and safety of multi-target therapy in children with lupus nephritis.
Article in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and Safety of Mizoribine in the Treatment of Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Rheumatology and therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of IV cyclophosphamide and mycophenolate mofetil in the treatment of childhood-onset lupus nephritis in a resource-limited setting.BMC rheumatology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of corticosteroid and immunosuppressive agent combination therapy for pediatric IgA nephropathy: a meta-analysis.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Renal disease in pediatric rheumatology.Current opinion in rheumatology · 2024Review
- Early-onset lupus nephritis.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Review
- Article
- CAR T-cell therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundTo analyze the efficacy and safety of multi-target therapy in children with lupus nephritis (LN).
methodsIn our retrospective study from January 2009 to December 2021, the multi-target therapy of glucocorticoids, MMF and tacrolimus was adopted as induction therapy or re-induction therapy for 36 LN children who had combined proliferative and membranous LN or for who were ineffective to combination therapy of glucocorticoids with IV-CYC or MMF for at least 6 months. The clinical and pathological data were collected and analyzed.
resultsThe levels of 24-h urinary protein, anti-dsDNA antibody and SLE disease activity index were decreased, while the levels of albumin and complement 3 were increased after multi-target therapy. More than 90% of LN children achieved partial or complete remission within 6 months. In terms of adverse effects, there was no significant difference between the level of eGFR before and after multi-target therapy. During the follow-up period, four children had infection, two children had hyperuricemia, and one child had liver dysfunction. All of them improved after symptomatic therapy.
conclusionsMulti-target therapy could be an effective treatment option with minimal adverse effects for LN children who are refractory to initial first-line induction therapies or had combined proliferative and membranous LN. IMPACT: The multi-target therapy of glucocorticoids, mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus was adopted in 36 children with lupus nephritis. Multi-target therapy could be an effective treatment option for lupus nephritis children who are refractory to initial first-line induction therapies or had combined proliferative and membranous lupus nephritis. Adverse effects of multi-target therapy were infrequent and minimal that can be improved by symptomatic therapy.
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