ReviewNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2024
Therapeutic mechanisms of psychedelics and entactogens.
Review in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Can ketamine and other glutamate receptor modulators be considered entactogens?Psychiatry research · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of the Neuroplastogen TSND-201 for the Treatment of PTSD: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Entactogen Effects of Ketamine: A Reverse-Translational Study.The American journal of psychiatry · 2024Trial
- Bifunctional Modulation of NMDA and Opioid Receptors in Ketamine Reinforcement and Misuse: Implications for Substance Use Disorder Treatment.Biological psychiatry · 2026Review
- Integrated 5-HTMolecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Brain-targeted epigenetic effects of two emerging psychoplastogens: ketamine & MDMA.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Acute DOI exposure drives cortical hyperexcitability and functional network remodeling.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- No evidence of immediate or persistent analgesic effect from a single dose of psilocybin in three mouse models of pain.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Psychedelic Modulation of Excitation/Inhibition Balance: A Dual-Phase Neurodevelopmental Model.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Vigilance state dissociation induced by 5-MeO-DMT in mice.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Transforming Amino Acids into Serotonin 5-HTJournal of the American Chemical Society · 2025Article
- Short- and long-term modulation of rat prefrontal cortical activity following single doses of psilocybin.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- A Tragedy of Errors: The State of Psychedelic Research in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- 5-HTMolecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Psychedelics in the Treatment of Neurologic and Psychiatric Disorders: Coincidence or a New Point of View.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Computational design of an improved photoswitchable psychedelic based on light absorption, membrane permeation and protein binding.Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP · 2025Article
- The psychedelic-peptide paradox: a hormetic hypothesis.Comprehensive psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Review
- Psilocybin has no immediate or persistent analgesic effect in acute and chronic mouse pain models.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Psychedelics and chronic pain: self-reported outcomes on changed substance use patterns and health following naturalistic psychedelic use.British journal of pain · 2025Article
- Psychedelics and Pro-Social Behaviors: A Perspective on Autism Spectrum Disorders.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that psychedelics and entactogens may produce both rapid and sustained therapeutic effects across several indications. Currently, there is a disconnect between how these compounds are used in the clinic and how they are studied in preclinical species, which has led to a gap in our mechanistic understanding of how these compounds might positively impact mental health. Human studies have emphasized extra-pharmacological factors that could modulate psychedelic-induced therapeutic responses including set, setting, and integration-factors that are poorly modelled in current animal experiments. In contrast, animal studies have focused on changes in neuronal activation and structural plasticity-outcomes that are challenging to measure in humans. Here, we describe several hypotheses that might explain how psychedelics rescue neuropsychiatric disease symptoms, and we propose ways to bridge the gap between human and rodent studies. Given the diverse pharmacological profiles of psychedelics and entactogens, we suggest that their rapid and sustained therapeutic mechanisms of action might best be described by the collection of circuits that they modulate rather than their actions at any single molecular target. Thus, approaches focusing on selective circuit modulation of behavioral phenotypes might prove more fruitful than target-based methods for identifying novel compounds with rapid and sustained therapeutic effects similar to psychedelics and entactogens.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.