Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37484405›Full record

ArticleHeliyon2023

Water quality and hydrochemical assessments of thermal springs, Gandaki Province, Nepal.

Baburam Chalise, Prem Paudyal, Buddha Bahadur Kunwar, Kiran Bishwakarma, Bina Thapa, Ramesh Raj Pant, Bhanu Bhakta Neupane

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Microbial and Chemical Water Quality Assessments Across the Rural and Urban Areas of Nepal: A Scoping Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Baburam ChaliseCentral Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal.
Prem PaudyalWater-Waste Water Quality Assurance Division, Kathmandu Upatyaka Khanepani Limited, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal.
Buddha Bahadur KunwarElemental Analysis Lab, Department of Food Technology and Quality Control, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, 44600, Nepal.
Kiran BishwakarmaInstitute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Bina ThapaCentral Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal.
Ramesh Raj PantCentral Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal.
Bhanu Bhakta NeupaneCentral Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613, Nepal.
Tribhuvan University · NPChinese Academy of Sciences · CNGovernment of Nepal · NP

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Thermal springs are the sites where the water temperature lies above ambient temperature. They are widely used for power generation, hot water spas, balneotherapy, agriculture, laundering, and aquaculture. In Nepal, many thermal springs are reported but scientific understanding on water quality and hydrogeochemistry of the springs is very limited. In this study, a total of 28 physico-chemical parameters were measured in water samples collected from 12 thermal springs from Gandaki Province, Nepal. Correlation matrix and multivariate statistical analysis such as principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis were used to understand the water quality and hydrogeochemistry of the hot water springs. The pH, temperature, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, and turbidity in the hot water springs ranged from 7.3 to 8.8, 31.6-64.3 °C, 206-16270 μS/cm, 115-6637 mg/L, and 0.21-63.7 NTU; respectively. The dominance order of major anions and cations were: Cl

Indexed as

Heavy metalsHot springsHydrogeochemistryMultivariate analysisWater quality

Identifiers

PMID37484405
PMCPMC10361386
OpenAlexW4380882589

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.