ArticleJournal of general and family medicine2023
The environmental impact of inhaler replacement: A carbon footprint and economic calculation of the National Database of Health Insurance Claims in Japan.
Article in Journal of general and family medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Strategies and tactics to reduce the impact of healthcare on climate change: systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Pooled it
- Inhaler use and their carbon footprint in Germany: a 10-year analysis (2013-2022).BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Article
- [Inhaled Respiratory Therapy and Global Warming].Farmaceuticos comunitarios · 2025Observational
- The environmental impact of inhaler replacement: A carbon footprint and economic calculation of the National Database of Health Insurance Claims in Japan.Journal of general and family medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Drugs are a major source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from healthcare systems. Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) have raised concerns over their environmental impact due to GHG emissions. Evaluations and reduction strategies for GHGs have been primarily studied in Europe, but not in other regions, including Japan. Therefore, our objective was to calculate the carbon footprint of inhalers in Japan and evaluate their reduction scenarios. Methods: Using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims, our analysis was conducted on inhaler prescriptions in Japan for the fiscal year of 2019. We calculated the number of inhalers used, GHG emissions, and total costs. Next, we simulated the environmental and economic impacts of three reduction scenarios: the first scenario replaced pMDI with dry power inhalers, followed by age-based replacements. In the last scenario, we replaced pMDI with a propellant with a lower global warming potential. Results: All inhaler-related GHG emissions were 202 ktCO Conclusions: Selecting appropriate inhalers can mitigate GHG emissions in Japan, but its impact will be less than in other countries. Nevertheless, collaborative efforts between physicians, patients, and pharmaceutical companies are necessary to reduce GHG emissions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.