ArticlePeerJ2023
Putative causal inference for the relationship between obesity and sex hormones in males: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.
Article in PeerJ, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Low Testosterone Levels and Grade Group Progression Among Localized Prostate Cancer Patients on Active Surveillance: A Retrospective Cohort Study.The Journal of urology · 2026Article
- Blood-based obesity biomarkers and their relevance for disease risk.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2026Review
- Associations between sex hormones and obesity-related indicators: results from the NHANES and Mendelian randomization study.European journal of medical research · 2025Article
- Testosterone and Obesity in an Aging Society.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Advances in Mendelian Randomization Studies of Obesity Over the Past Decade: Uncovering Key Genetic Mechanisms.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Review
- Associations between Waist Circumference and Sex Steroid Hormones in US Adult Men: Cross-Sectional Findings from the NHANES 2013-2016.International journal of endocrinology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Obesity is a chronic disease with a high prevalence rate and is an established risk factor for human health. Body mass index (BMI) is a common and primary indicator used in assessing obesity. This work aims to investigate the putative causal relationship among BMI, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), bioavailable testosterone (BioT), and estradiol levels. Materials and Methods: We conducted a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study, using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) strongly associated with BMI, SHBG, BioT, and estradiol as instrumental variables. All SNPs were identified from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data of large sample studies recruiting more than 150,000 European adult male individuals. The inverse-variance-weighted (IVW) approach was used as a primary algorithm for putative causal estimation. Results: Genetically predicted elevated BMI was associated with decreased SHBG (IVW, β = -0.103, 95% confidence interval [CI] [-0.113 to -0.092], Conclusions: The findings support a network putative causal relationship among BMI, SHBG, BioT, and estradiol. SHBG, BioT, and estradiol may partly mediate the effect of obesity on male health. Reasonably modulating BioT and estradiol, especially SHBG, facilitated the attenuation of the harmful effects of obesity on male health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.