ArticleHeliyon2023
COVID-19 and severe pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP): A case report.
Article in Heliyon, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Timing of Whole Lung Lavage in Autoimmune Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis with Concurrent Opportunistic Infection: A Case Report and Systematic Review.Infection and drug resistance · 2026Article
- Cause of Death Analysis in a 9½-Year-Old with COVID-19 and Dravet Syndrome.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis following severe COVID - 19 infection: A case report.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Segmental Pulmonary Lavage for Methanol Inhalation Poisoning in a Shrimp Processing Plant Worker: A Novel Approach to Toxic Inhalants.Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reportsArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease that mainly presents with dyspnea. PAP diagnosis can be easily missed in the background of a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, due to the similarity of their presentation and radiological findings. We present a case report of a post-COVID-19 patient, who later developed severe PAP. Case presentation: A 55-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with progressive exertional dyspnea and hypoxia following a COVID-19 infection. Chest X-ray showed severe bilateral infiltrates. Patient received multiple courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics and prolonged course of corticosteroids without improvement. "Crazy paving" appearance in a follow up chest computed tomography raised the suspicion of PAP of what was initially thought to be a post-COVID-19 syndrome presentation. A diagnostic segmental bronchioalveolar lavage with a lung biopsy revealed a proteinaceous material filling the alveoli, with a positive periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain. Due to severe hypoxia, therapeutic segmental followed by whole lung lavage was performed with significant improvement. Conclusion: Diagnosing PAP is challenging due to the rarity of the disease. An accurate diagnosis of PAP requires a combination of medical history, imaging, and bronchoalveolar lavage staining positive for PAS. Decision whether to treat with a segmental or whole lung lavage is individualized to each patient. Further studies are needed to confirm whether COVID-19 or long-term use of steroids might be contributing to PAP.
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Registered trials
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