ReviewFrontiers in immunology2023
Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the central nervous system: a focus on autoimmune disorders.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 180 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Inflammatory Markers and Cognitive Function in Adults With Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2026Pooled it
- The role of TNF signaling pathway in post-stroke cognitive impairment: a systematic review.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha in Neuropsychological Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Anti-TNF Alpha and Risk of Lymphoma in Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Pooled it
- Anthocyanin supplementation in adults at risk for dementia: a randomized controlled trial on its cardiometabolic and anti-inflammatory biomarker effects.GeroScience · 2026Trial
- Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory potential of 2-chloro-3-((4-hydroxyphenyl)amino)naphthalene-1,4-dione through targeting TNF-α/IL-8 and NF-κB signaling in HCT116 cancer cells: a comprehensiveBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Article
- Compound Ciwujia Granules Attenuate Stress-Induced Anxiety- and Depression-Like Behaviors via Inhibition of TNF-α-Associated Neuroinflammation in the dmPFC.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2026Article
- Virobiome-mediated regulation of microbiota-gut-brain axis signaling and neuroimmune homeostasis.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Anti-TNF-Alpha Associated Central Nervous System Demyelination. Drug-Induced Demyelination or Multiple Sclerosis Trigger? A Case Series.Clinical case reports · 2026Article
- The beneficial properties of CBDA in diet-induced neuroinflammation.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Nicotine self-administration suppresses both pro- and anti-inflammatory accumbens cytokines but does not induce apoptosis in female rats.Addiction neuroscience · 2026Article
- Optimized CoQ10 deliveryRSC advances · 2026Article
- Clemastine ameliorates ulcerative colitis-induced cognitive impairment by restoring PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling and suppressing ferroptosis.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Article
- Differences in mRNA expression of neuroinflammation-related genes in the temporal lobe of patients with drug-resistant focal epilepsy.Epileptic disorders : international epilepsy journal with videotape · 2026Article
- Article
- TNF-α induces type I IFN signalling to suppress neurogenesis and recruit T cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid-induced oligodendrogliopathy in vitro and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2026Article
- Dual protective role of curcumin- encapsulated chitosan nanoparticles against gastric and neural injury in a rat model of gut-brain axis dysfunction: a histological and biochemical study.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Cassipourol and β-sitosterol from Malva parviflora L.: a mechanistic study of dual anti-inflammatory action against COX/LOX and TNF-α/BCL-2.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.Biomarker research · 2026Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic immune cytokine that belongs to the TNF superfamily of receptor ligands. The cytokine exists as either a transmembrane or a soluble molecule, and targets two distinct receptors, TNF-α receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNF-α receptor 2 (TNFR2), which activate different signaling cascades and downstream genes. TNF-α cellular responses depend on its molecular form, targeted receptor, and concentration levels. TNF-α plays a multifaceted role in normal physiology that is highly relevant to human health and disease. In the central nervous system (CNS), this cytokine regulates homeostatic functions, such as neurogenesis, myelination, blood-brain barrier permeability and synaptic plasticity. However, it can also potentiate neuronal excitotoxicity and CNS inflammation. The pleiotropism of TNF-α and its various roles in the CNS, whether homeostatic or deleterious, only emphasizes the functional complexity of this cytokine. Anti-TNF-α therapy has demonstrated effectiveness in treating various autoimmune inflammatory diseases and has emerged as a significant treatment option for CNS autoimmune diseases. Nevertheless, it is crucial to recognize that the effects of this therapeutic target are diverse and complex. Contrary to initial expectations, anti-TNF-α therapy has been found to have detrimental effects in multiple sclerosis. This article focuses on describing the various roles, both physiological and pathological, of TNF-α in the CNS. Additionally, it discusses the specific disease processes that are dependent or regulated by TNF-α and the rationale of its use as a therapeutic target.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.