Observational studyBMJ open2023
Characteristics, management and outcomes in patients with CKD in a healthcare region in Sweden: a population-based, observational study.
Observational study in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between statin therapy as primary prevention and mortality in adults 50 years and older with chronic kidney disease without other indications.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Preliminary Validation of a Modified Screening Tool for the Early Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease in a Pilot Sample.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Differences in chronic kidney disease management based on identification and diagnosis in a population-based observational study.Journal of nephrology · 2025Observational
- Management and treatment of chronic kidney disease in the Danish Lolland-Falster Health Study: focus on renoprotection and cardiovascular disease prevention.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- ABCDE to identify and prevent chronic kidney disease: a call to action.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Article
- Article
- Characteristics, treatment and disease burden among stage 3-4 chronic kidney disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes in Finland during 2016-2022.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Article
- Trends in acute glomerulonephritis mortality among older adults from 1992 to 2021.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- KDIGO 2024 Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Management of Chronic Kidney Disease in Children and Adults: a commentary from the European Renal Best Practice (ERBP).Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2025Article
- Treating chronic kidney disease in Danish primary care: results from the observational ATLAS study.BMC primary care · 2025Observational
- The management of chronic kidney disease in primary care in Denmark: patient characteristics, treatment, follow-up, progression and referral.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- High unawareness of kidney dysfunction in European older adults and the importance of early detection through comorbidities.PloS one · 2025Article
- Assessing the quality of CKD care using process quality indicators: A scoping review.PloS one · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo describe chronic kidney disease (CKD) regarding treatment rates, comorbidities, usage of CKD International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis, mortality, hospitalisation, evaluate healthcare utilisation and screening for CKD in relation to new nationwide CKD guidelines.
designPopulation-based observational study.
settingHealthcare registry data of patients in Southwest Sweden.
participantsA total cohort of 65 959 individuals aged >18 years of which 20 488 met the criteria for CKD (cohort 1) and 45 470 at risk of CKD (cohort 2). PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Data were analysed with regards to prevalence, screening rates of blood pressure, glucose, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), Urinary-albumin-creatinine ratio (UACR) and usage of ICD-codes for CKD. Mortality and hospitalisation were analysed with logistic regression models.
resultsOf the CKD cohort, 18% had CKD ICD-diagnosis and were followed annually for blood pressure (79%), glucose testing (76%), eGFR (65%), UACR (24%). UACR follow-up was two times as common in hypertensive and cardiovascular versus diabetes patients with CKD with a similar pattern in those at risk of CKD. Statin and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitor appeared in 34% and 43%, respectively. Mortality OR at CKD stage 5 was 1.23 (CI 0.68 to 0.87), diabetes 1.20 (CI 1.04 to 1.38), hypertension 1.63 (CI 1.42 to 1.88), atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) 1.84 (CI 1.62 to 2.09) associated with highest mortality risk. Hospitalisation OR in CKD stage 5 was 1.96 (CI 1.40 to 2.76), diabetes 1.15 (CI 1.06 to 1.25), hypertension 1.23 (CI 1.13 to 1.33) and ASCVD 1.52 (CI 1.41 to 1.64).
conclusionsThe gap between patients with CKD by definition versus those diagnosed as such was large. Compared with recommendations patients with CKD have suboptimal follow-up and treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor and statins. Hypertension, diabetes and ASCVD were associated with increased mortality and hospitalisation. Improved screening and diagnosis of CKD, identification and management of risk factors and kidney protective treatment could affect clinical and economic outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.