Observational studyRegional anesthesia and pain medicine2024
Factors associated with use of opioid rescue medication after surgery.
Observational study in Regional anesthesia and pain medicine, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prediction of post-cesarean outpatient opioid use based on euphoric opioid responses and negative affect.Pain medicine (Malden, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Prediction Model for Factors Associated With Long-Term Opioid Use Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Population-Based Study.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Predicting Extent of Opioid Use Following Cardiac Surgery: A Pilot Study.Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOpioid exposure after surgery increases risk of persistent opioid use. Here, we characterize at-home use of opioid rescue medication during 1-2 days after outpatient surgery (N=270) in a postoperative opioid-sparing context at a Norwegian hospital.
methodsThe postsurgical pain management plan included non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and up to six pills of 5 mg oxycodone as rescue analgesics. In this observational study we assessed risk factors for taking rescue opioids after surgery, by comparing patients who did, with those who did not.
resultsOnly 35% (N=228) of patients reported taking rescue opioids 1-2 days after discharge. Patients taking rescue opioids after surgery (opioid-takers) differed from non-takers by prevalence of preoperative chronic pain (>3 months; 74% vs 48%), higher pain severity and interference before and after surgery, reporting lower ability to cope with postsurgical pain, higher nervousness about the surgery, being younger, and having received more opioid analgesics in the recovery room. Exploratory predictive modeling identified opioid administration in the recovery room as the most important predictor of at-home rescue medication use. Follow-up after >4 months indicated low acute pain levels (mean±SD = 1.1±1.8), with only four patients (2%, N=217) reporting opioid analgesic use.
conclusionFactors related to at-home rescue medication use closely mirrored known risk factors for persistent opioid use after surgery, such as prior chronic pain, prior substance use, affective disturbances, and pain severity before surgery. These findings are potential targets in patient-centered care. Nevertheless, and reassuringly, findings are consistent with the idea that opioid-sparing postsurgical care can prevent large-scale chronic opioid use.
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