ArticleFrontiers in neuroscience2023
Train duration and inter-train interval determine the direction and intensity of high-frequency rTMS after-effects.
Article in Frontiers in neuroscience, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists professional practice guidelines for the administration of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry · 2024Guideline
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.Scientific reports · 2023Trial
- High- and low-frequency accelerated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for major depressive disorder.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2026Article
- Neural effects of TMS trains on the human prefrontal cortex.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Impacts of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation parameters on cerebral hemodynamics in patients with disorders of consciousness.Frontiers in neurologyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background and objective: It has been proved that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) triggers the modulation of homeostatic metaplasticity, which causes the effect of rTMS to disappear or even reverse, and a certain length of interval between rTMS trains might break the modulation of homeostatic metaplasticity. However, it remains unknown whether the effects of high-frequency rTMS can be modulated by homeostatic metaplasticity by lengthening the train duration and whether homeostatic metaplasticity can be broken by prolonging the inter-train interval. Methods: In this study, 15 subjects participated in two experiments including different rTMS protocols targeting the motor cortex. In the first experiment, high-frequency rTMS protocols with different train durations (2 s and 5 s) and an inter-train interval of 25 s were adopted. In the second experiment, high-frequency rTMS protocols with a train duration of 5 s and different inter-train intervals (50 s and 100 s) were adopted. A sham protocol was also included. Changes of motor evoked potential amplitude acquired from electromyography, power spectral density, and intra-region and inter-region functional connectivity acquired from electroencephalography in the resting state before and after each rTMS protocol were evaluated. Results: High-frequency rTMS with 2 s train duration and 25 s inter-train interval increased cortex excitability and the power spectral density of bilateral central regions in the alpha frequency band and enhanced the functional connectivity between central regions and other brain regions. When the train duration was prolonged to 5 s, the after-effects of high-frequency rTMS disappeared. The after-effects of rTMS with 5 s train duration and 100 s inter-train interval were the same as those of rTMS with 2 s train duration and 25 s inter-train interval. Conclusion: Our results indicated that train duration and inter-train interval could induce the homeostatic metaplasticiy and determine the direction of intensity of rTMS after-effects, and should certainly be taken into account when performing rTMS in both research and clinical practice.
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