ArticleACS sustainable chemistry & engineering2023
Sunrise of PFAS Replacements: A Perspective on Fluorine-Free Foams.
Article in ACS sustainable chemistry & engineering, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS): persistence, toxicity, and emerging solutions.Bioprocess and biosystems engineering · 2026Review
- Stable Carbon Isotope Analysis of Perfluorooctanoic Acid (PFOA) by Microflow-High Pressure Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry.Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM · 2025Article
- The effects of multi-generational exposure to Fluorine-Free Foam (F3) alternatives on Daphnia magna tolerance.Ecotoxicology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- Effects of SiOACS omega · 2025Article
- A Global Overview of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Regulatory Strategies and Their Environmental Impact.Toxics · 2025Article
- Investigation of Transformation Pathways of Polyfluoroalkyl Substances during Chlorine Disinfection.Environmental science & technology · 2025Article
- Acute, chronic, and behavioral toxicity of fluorine-free foams to earthworm species Eisenia fetida and Dendrobaena veneta.Chemosphere · 2024Article
- Closing PFAS analytical gaps: Inter-method evaluation of total organofluorine techniques for AFFF-impacted water.Journal of hazardous materials letters · 2024Article
- Assessing the effects of fluorine-free and PFAS-containing firefighting foams on development and behavioral responses using a zebrafish-based platform.Chemosphere · 2024Article
- Exploring the Prospects and Challenges of Fluorine-Free Firefighting Foams (F3) as Alternatives to Aqueous Film-Forming Foams (AFFF): A Review.ACS omega · 2024Review
- From "forever chemicals" to fluorine-free alternatives.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Article
- Exposure to benzotriazoles and benzothiazoles in Czech male population and its associations with biomarkers of liver function, serum lipids and oxidative stress.International archives of occupational and environmental health · 2024Article
- Owens-Wendt Method for Comparing the UV Stability of Spontaneous Liquid-Repellency with Wet Chemical Treatment of Laser-Textured Stainless Steel.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Integrated data-driven cross-disciplinary framework to prevent chemical water pollution.One earth (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
One type of firefighting foam, referred to as aqueous filmforming foams (AFFF), is known to contain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The concerns raised with PFAS, and their potential environmental and health impacts, have led to a surge in research on fluorine-free alternatives both in the United States and globally. Particularly, in January 2023, a new military specification (MIL-PRF-32725) for fluorine-free foam was released in accordance with Congressional requirements for the U.S. Department of Defense. This paper provides a critical analysis of the present state of the various fluorine-free options that have been developed to date. A nuanced perspective of the challenges and opportunities of more sustainable replacements is explored by examining the performance, cost, and regulatory considerations associated with these fluorine-free alternatives. Ultimately, this evaluation shows that the transition to fluorine-free replacements is likely to be complex and multifaceted, requiring careful consideration of the trade-offs involved. Yet, the ongoing work will provide valuable insights for future research on alternatives to AFFF and enhancing the safety and sustainability of fire suppression systems.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.