ReviewCureus2023
Effects of Excessive Screen Time on Child Development: An Updated Review and Strategies for Management.
Review in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 124 papers, 9 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
124 citing papers in PubMed, 9 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Screen Use, Child Development and Family Involvement in Children Aged 2-7 Years: A Systematic Review.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies on Youth Internet Behavior Using the Positive Youth Development Frameworks.Journal of adolescence · 2026Pooled it
- Cardiovascular Prevention in Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults. A Call-to-Action of the Italian Societies of Pediatrics (SIP), Hypertension (SIIA), Study of Atherosclerosis (SISA), and Cardiovascular Prevention (SIPREC).High blood pressure & cardiovascular prevention : the official journal of the Italian Society of Hypertension · 2026Guideline
- Impact of the Use of Interactive Screens on Language Development in Children up to 6 Years of Age: A Systematic Review.Child: care, health and development · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of social media on cognitive development of children and young adults: a systematic review.BMC pediatrics · 2025Pooled it
- The Impact of Modifiable Parenting Factors on the Screen Use of Children Five Years or Younger: A Systematic Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2025Pooled it
- Caught in the Web of the Net? Part I: Meta-analyses of Problematic Internet Use and Social Media Use in (Young) People with Autism Spectrum Disorder.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2025Pooled it
- The immediate impacts of TV programs on preschoolers' executive functions and attention: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2024Pooled it
- Examining the relationship between language development, executive function, and screen time: A systematic review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Developing and Evaluating Guidelines to Prevent Overdependence on Digital Therapeutics in Children and Adolescents: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Trial
- Longitudinal associations between preschoolers' 24-h movement behaviors and development of self-regulation, executive function, vocabulary, and numeracy.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Barriers to Reducing Children's Screen Time and Associated Factors Among Mothers of Under-Five Children in Woliso City Administration, Oromia Ethiopia: Community-Based Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR pediatrics and parenting · 2026Article
- Online gaming for autistic youth: Exploring the impact on participation from the perspectives of autistic adolescents and their caregivers.Australian occupational therapy journal · 2026Article
- Increasing social media use trajectories are linked to greater eating disorder symptoms.Annals of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Beyond Screen Time: A Scoping Review of Screen Exposure and Early Childhood Development.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Associations Between Early Screen Exposure and Neurocognitive Outcomes in Children Aged 2-5 Years: A Systematic Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Beyond Survival: Parents' Experiences and Healthcare Professionals' Perspectives on Family-Centred Care for Children with Congenital and Acquired Heart Disease: A Qualitative Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The relationship between problematic media use and their fear, anxiety and behavior during dental treatment in children.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Determinants of health literacy in early childhood care among marginalized ethnic communities: a cross-sectional study in three border provinces of Thailand.International journal for equity in health · 2026Article
- A scoping review of healthcare provider-led interventions for managing young children's screen time.BMC public health · 2026Article
64 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Children's heavy reliance on screen media has raised serious public health issues since it might harm their cognitive, linguistic, and social-emotional growth. This study examines the effects of screen time on many developmental domains and covers management and limitation techniques for kids' screen usage. Screen media has a wide range of cognitive consequences, with both beneficial and detrimental effects noted. Screens can improve education and learning; however, too much time spent in front of a screen and multitasking with other media has been related to worse executive functioning and academic performance. As screen time reduces the amount and quality of interactions between children and their caregivers, it can also have an impact on language development. Contextual elements like co-viewing and topic appropriateness are key in determining how language development is impacted. Additionally, excessive screen usage has detrimental effects on social and emotional growth, including a rise in the likelihood of obesity, sleep disorders, and mental health conditions including depression and anxiety. It can obstruct the ability to interpret emotions, fuel aggressive conduct, and harm one's psychological health in general. Setting boundaries, utilizing parental controls, and demonstrating good screen behavior are all techniques that parents may use to manage children's screen usage. We can reduce the possible negative impacts of excessive screen time and promote children's healthy development and well-being by increasing knowledge and encouraging alternative activities that stimulate development.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.