Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37471340›Full record

ArticlePloS one2023

Time to death and its predictors among under-five children on antiretroviral treatment in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, a retrospective follow up study.

Enyew Mekonnen, Mikias Arega, Dawit Misganaw Belay, Dires Birhanu, Tadlo Tesfaw, Habtamu Ayele, Keralem Anteneh Bishaw

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Enyew MekonnenDepartment Midwifery, Saint Peter Specialized Hospital, Federal Minster of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Mikias AregaDepartment of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Dawit Misganaw BelayDepartment of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Assosa University, Assosa, Ethiopia.ORCID 0000-0002-6307-9452
Dires BirhanuDepartment of Nursing, College of Health Science, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia.
Tadlo TesfawDepartment of Midwifery, Debre Tabor Health Science College, Amhara Regional Health Bureau, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Habtamu AyeleDepartment of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.
Keralem Anteneh BishawDepartment of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundChild mortality remains a global public health problem, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. After initiating ART, the mortality rate among HIV-infected children in Ethiopia was 12-17 deaths per 1000 child-year.

objectiveTo determine the time to death and its predictors among under-five children on antiretroviral treatment in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, from April 12, 2017, to May 12, 2022.

methodAn institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 415 HIV-infected children at selected public hospitals of the Addis Ababa town administration. Computer generated simple random sampling technique was used to select each sampling unit. Data was extracted using a structured data extraction checklist. Data were entered into EPI data 4.2 and analyzed using STATA 14. The child mortality rate was calculated. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted to identify predictor factors. The result of the study was presented using text, tables, graphs, and charts. An adjusted hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval and a p-value less than 0.05 was used to declare the level of significance.

resultA total of 415 (97.42%) of the 426 children on ART were included for analysis. Of these, 41(9.88%) children were died during the following period. The study participants were followed for a total of 8237 person- months of risk time. The overall mortality rate was 4.98 (95% CI: 3.67-6.77) per 1000 child-months. The estimated survival after starting ART was 61.42% at 56 months of follow-up. Severe underweight (AHR = 3.19; 95% CI: 1.32-7.71), tuberculosis (AHR = 3.86; CI: 1.76-8.47), low hemoglobin level (AHR = 2.51; CI: 1.02-6.20), and advanced WHO clinical stages at enrolment (AHR = 3.38; CI: 1.08-10.58) were predictors of death among HIV-infected under-five children on ART.

conclusionThe incidence of mortality was 4.98 per 1000 child-months. Severe underweight, tuberculosis infection, low hemoglobin level, and advanced WHO clinical stages at enrolment were predictors of death among under-five children on ART.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsTuberculosisAnti-Retroviral AgentsEthiopiaFollow-Up StudiesHemoglobinsHospitals, PublicHumansRetrospective StudiesThinnessAnti-Retroviral AgentsHemoglobins

Identifiers

PMID37471340
PMCPMC10358914

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.