ArticleNature communications2023
An unconventional proanthocyanidin pathway in maize.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Contrasting PSII Photochemistry and Energy Partitioning Between Spikes and Leaves During Grain Anthocyanin Accumulation in Hulless Barley on the Tibetan Plateau.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Overexpression of Anthocyanidin Reductase Increases Flavonoids Content to Combat Fusarium Wilt in the Root Xylem of Vernicia montana.Molecular plant pathology · 2026Article
- Evolutionary dynamics of the proanthocyanidin biosynthesis gene LAR.BMC genomics · 2025Article
- ANTHOCYANIDIN REDUCTASE promotes physical dormancy in Medicago truncatula seeds.Plant physiology · 2025Article
- SbC1, an R2R3-MYB transcription factor, specifically regulates anthocyanin accumulation in sorghum coleoptiles.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2025Article
- Polymerization of proanthocyanidins under the catalysis of miR397a-regulated laccases in Salvia miltiorrhiza and Populus trichocarpa.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Genome-wide association mapping and genomic prediction analyses reveal the genetic architecture of grain yield and agronomic traits under drought and optimum conditions in maize.BMC plant biology · 2025Article
- Metabolomics analysis of five cultivars of Sorghum bicolor reveals the contribution of flavonoid pathway to tannin content.PloS one · 2025Article
- Characterization of two reductasesFrontiers in plant science · 2025Article
- Evolutionary trajectory of transcription factors and selection of targets for metabolic engineering.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024Review
- Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Provide Key Molecular Insights into Floral Stage-Driven Flavonoid Pathway in Safflower.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Beyond pathways: Accelerated flavonoids candidate identification and novel exploration of enzymatic properties using combined mapping populations of wheat.Plant biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Identification of Yellow Seed Color Genes Using Bulked Segregant RNA Sequencing inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Revisiting decade-old questions in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis: current understanding and new challenges.Frontiers in plant science · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs), flavonoid polymers involved in plant defense, are also beneficial to human health and ruminant nutrition. To date, there is little evidence for accumulation of PAs in maize (Zea mays), although maize makes anthocyanins and possesses the key enzyme of the PA pathway, anthocyanidin reductase (ANR). Here, we explore whether there is a functional PA biosynthesis pathway in maize using a combination of analytical chemistry and genetic approaches. The endogenous PA biosynthetic machinery in maize preferentially produces the unusual PA precursor (+)-epicatechin, as well as 4β-(S-cysteinyl)-catechin, as potential PA starter and extension units. Uncommon procyanidin dimers with (+)-epicatechin as starter unit are also found. Expression of soybean (Glycine max) anthocyanidin reductase 1 (ANR1) in maize seeds increases the levels of 4β-(S-cysteinyl)-epicatechin and procyanidin dimers mainly using (-)-epicatechin as starter units. Introducing a Sorghum bicolor transcription factor (SbTT2) specifically regulating PA biosynthesis into a maize inbred deficient in anthocyanin biosynthesis activates both anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis pathways, suggesting conservation of the PA regulatory machinery across species. Our data support the divergence of PA biosynthesis across plant species and offer perspectives for future agricultrural applications in maize.
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