ArticlePLoS pathogens2023
S100A9 is indispensable for survival of pneumococcal pneumonia in mice.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Elevated level of circulating calprotectin correlates with severity and high mortality in patients with COVID-19.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- BCG immunisation through intranasal instillation protects mice against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection by enhancing alveolar macrophage activity.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Hyperuricemia is associated with periodontal ligature dysbiosis in a murine model of experimental periodontitis.Journal of oral microbiology · 2026Article
- S100A8/9-NLRP3-mediated chronic unresolved inflammation drives cardiac pathologies following invasive pneumococcal disease.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2025Article
- S100A8 regulated by estrogen improves injured endometrial epithelium reconstruction by promoting tight junction formation and stromal cell transformation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Innate T-cell-derived IL-17A/F protects from bleomycin-induced acute lung injury but not bleomycin or adenoviral TGF-β1-induced lung fibrosis in mice.European journal of immunology · 2024Article
- Lack of Elevated Expression of TGFβ3 Contributes to the Delay of Epithelial Wound Healing in Diabetic Corneas.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- The oxidative stress response ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
S100A8/A9 has important immunomodulatory roles in antibacterial defense, but its relevance in focal pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is understudied. We show that S100A9 was significantly increased in BAL fluids of patients with bacterial but not viral pneumonia and correlated with procalcitonin and sequential organ failure assessment scores. Mice deficient in S100A9 exhibited drastically elevated Zn2+ levels in lungs, which led to bacterial outgrowth and significantly reduced survival. In addition, reduced survival of S100A9 KO mice was characterized by excessive release of neutrophil elastase, which resulted in degradation of opsonophagocytically important collectins surfactant proteins A and D. All of these features were attenuated in S. pneumoniae-challenged chimeric WT→S100A9 KO mice. Similarly, therapy of S. pneumoniae-infected S100A9 KO mice with a mutant S100A8/A9 protein showing increased half-life significantly decreased lung bacterial loads and lung injury. Collectively, S100A9 controls central antibacterial immune mechanisms of the lung with essential relevance to survival of pneumococcal pneumonia. Moreover, S100A9 appears to be a promising biomarker to distinguish patients with bacterial from those with viral pneumonia. Trial registration: Clinical Trials register (DRKS00000620).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.