ArticleMolecular neurobiology2023
Etomidate Improves the Antidepressant Effect of Electroconvulsive Therapy by Suppressing Hippocampal Neuronal Ferroptosis via Upregulating BDNF/Nrf2.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ferroptosis in major depressive disorder: Molecular mechanisms, cellular vulnerability, and therapeutic opportunities.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Carboxypeptidase E Alleviates Depressive-Like Behaviors in Mice by Regulating BDNF/Nrf2 Axis-Mediated Ferroptosis.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- GABADrug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Pharmacological mechanisms of natural products with antidepressant effects: A focus on the programmed cell death regulation.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Transcranial Stimulation Methods in the Treatment of MDD Patients-The Role of the Neurotrophin System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Potential Mechanisms of Exercise-Mediated Ferroptosis Regulation in Central Nervous System Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Non-Electrophilic Activation of NRF2 in Neurological Disorders: Therapeutic Promise of Non-Pharmacological Strategies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis as a potential molecular mechanism of bipolar disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2025Review
- Electroacupuncture Ameliorates Chronic Inflammatory Pain and Depression Comorbidity by Inhibiting Nrf2-Mediated Ferroptosis in Hippocampal Neurons.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- Ferroptosis, pathogenesis and therapy in AS co-depression disease.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Anesthesia-Induced Ferroptosis: Bidirectional Regulation and Molecular Mechanisms in Cardio-Cerebral Injury.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Ferroptosis-associated signaling pathways and therapeutic approaches in depression.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Genetic Causal Associations between Various Serum Minerals and Risk of Depression: A Mendelian Randomization Study.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2024Article
- Dysregulation of iron homeostasis and ferroptosis in sevoflurane and isoflurane associated perioperative neurocognitive disorders.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis: a new antidepressant pharmacological mechanism.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) performed under general anesthesia is an effective treatment for severe depression. Etomidate is an intravenous anesthetic that shows beneficial effects on ECT. However, the potential mechanisms have rarely been reported. In this study, male rats were exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress for 4 weeks, followed by ECT for 10 days, with or without intervention with ferrostatin-1 (2 mg/kg) or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA, 5 mg/kg). Rats subjected to etomidate (20 mg/kg) or propofol (120 mg/kg) treatment were administered with designated anesthetic before ECT. Compared to depressive rats without ECT, those who received ECT showed increased numbers of hippocampal neurons, increased expression of negative regulators of ferroptosis including glutathione peroxidase 4, ferritin heavy chain 1, and ferroptosis suppressor protein 1, upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor, and downregulation of acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4, a positive regulator of ferroptosis in the hippocampus. Additionally, compared with propofol, etomidate used in ECT resulted in higher upregulation of BDNF/Nrf2 and inhibited neuronal ferroptosis in hippocampus. These results showed etomidate may enhance the antidepressant effect of ECT by protecting hippocampal neurons against ferroptosis.
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