The Double Donut: A Safe and Simple Option for Immediate Nipple Areolar Complex Reconstruction in Skin-Sparing Mastectomy Patients With Contraindications to Nipple-Sparing Mastectomy.

Evan Westrick, Alexander Mostovych, Joshua MacDavid, Alyssa Simpson, Bradon J Wilhelmi

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Eplasty, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

Single-Stage Breast Reconstruction With Immediate Free Nipple Grafting in Goldilocks Mastectomy Using Composite Nipple Graft and "Donut" Areolar Full-Thickness Skin Graft Shared From Noncancerous Breast.Eplasty · 2025
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Evan WestrickDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Alexander MostovychSchool of Medicine, University of Louisville of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Joshua MacDavidDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Alyssa SimpsonDivision of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Bradon J WilhelmiDivision of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Restoration of the nipple areolar complex (NAC) has been shown to improve quality of life (QoL) in post-mastectomy patients. Despite expansion of nipplesparing mastectomy inclusion criteria, many patients remain ineligible and are relegated to bilateral skin-sparing mastectomy. In this study, we evaluated immediate NAC reconstruction with the double donut areolar graft and split nipple composite graft reconstruction (DDSNS). Methods: A single-center prospective study was performed for patients undergoing immediate post-mastectomy reconstruction with the DDSNS technique. Demographics and post-reconstruction endpoints were collected, focusing on aesthetic and functional outcomes. Results: A total of 31 patients and 62 breasts underwent immediate reconstruction with the DDSNS technique. Four of 62 (6.4%) nipple composite grafts and 1 of 62 (1.6%) areolar grafts experienced partial graft loss. All incidents of initial loss healed to a satisfactory result. All patients were able to proceed with adjuvant therapy, if indicated, without delay. Conclusions: The DDSNS technique can be successfully applied to achieve cosmetically satisfactory results in the post-mastectomy patient. This technique has shown reliable outcomes with respect to graft success and patient satisfaction with their NAC reconstruction.

Indexed as

Breast ReconstructionGrade 3 PtosisNipple Areolar ComplexReconstruction Of TheShared Areolar GraftingSplit Nipple Grafting

Identifiers

PMID37465479

PMCPMC10350881

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.