ArticleBMC complementary medicine and therapies2023
Anticancer properties of red beetroot hydro-alcoholic extract and its main constituent; betanin on colorectal cancer cell lines.
Article in BMC complementary medicine and therapies, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Phytochemical Characterization and Mechanistic Insights into the Cytotoxic Effects of Bougainvillea glabra Bract Extract in Caco-2 Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells.Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Exploring betanin regulatory impact on TGF-β and PI3K/AKT pathways in oral cancer.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Anticancer and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Betalains: A Systematic Review on Preclinical Studies.Food science & nutrition · 2026Review
- Anticancer Potential of Cucurbitaceae, Brassicaceae, Liliaceae and Chenopodiaceae: A Review of In Vitro Evidence.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Betanin fromBiomedicines · 2026Article
- Investigation of beetroot (Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Article
- Betanin-Mediated Antiherbivore Defense: Functional Significance of Red Pigmentation in Epidermal Salt Bladders of Chenopodium album Leaves.Journal of chemical ecology · 2025Article
- Beetroot (Narra J · 2025Article
- Betalains: A Narrative Review on Pharmacological Mechanisms Supporting the Nutraceutical Potential Towards Health Benefits.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Establishment of Betalain-Producing Cell Line and Optimization of Pigment Production in Cell Suspension Cultures ofPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Red beet betalains extraction process: A comprehensive review of methods, applications, and physicochemical properties.Food science & nutrition · 2024Review
- Betanin Attenuates Epigenetic Mechanisms and UV-Induced DNA Fragmentation in HaCaT Cells: Implications for Skin Cancer Chemoprevention.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Natural pigments: innovative extraction technologies and their potential application in health and food industries.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common type of cancer worldwide. Red beetroot (Beta vulgaris) contains Betanin as its major betacyanin, possessing wide proapoptotic effects. This study aimed to investigate the anticancer and pro-papoptotic effects of beetroot hydro-alcoholic extract (BHE) and betanin, on colorectal cancer cell lines. BHE and betanin were used to treat Caco-2 and HT-29 colorectal cancer cells. MTT assay, DAPI staining, and FACS-flow cytometry tests were used to determine the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) and apoptosis-inducing evaluations. Intended genes were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The IC50 for HT-29 and Caco-2 cell lines were 92 μg/mL, 107 μg/mL for BHE, and 64 μg/mL, 90 μg/mL for betanin at 48 h, respectively. BHE and betanin significantly inhibited the growth of both cancer cell lines time and dose-dependently. DAPI staining and flow cytometry results revealed significant apoptosis symptoms in treated cancerous cell lines. The expression level of proapoptotic genes (BAD, Caspase-3, Caspase-8, Caspase-9, and Fas-R) in treated HT-29 and Caco-2 cells was higher than in untreated and normal cells. In contrast, the anti-apoptotic gene (Bcl-2) was significantly downregulated. BHE and betanin effectively inhibited cancer cell proliferation and induced apoptosis via the modification of effective genes.
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