Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37464041›Full record

SynthesisNature medicine2023

Depression pathophysiology, risk prediction of recurrence and comorbid psychiatric disorders using genome-wide analyses.

Thomas D Als, Mitja I Kurki, Jakob Grove, Georgios Voloudakis, Karen Therrien, Elisa Tasanko, Trine Tollerup Nielsen, Joonas Naamanka, Kumar Veerapen, Daniel F Levey and 33 more

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Nature medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 201 papers, 14 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
201citing papers in PubMed, 14 pooled it
89.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

201 citing papers in PubMed, 14 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 285 citations in OpenAlex.

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  14. Identification ofDepression and anxiety · 2025
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141 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

43 authors at 14 institutions in 8 countries.

Thomas D AlsDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. tda@biomed.au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2963-1928
Mitja I KurkiInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Jakob GroveDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2284-5744
Georgios VoloudakisCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5729-632X
Karen TherrienCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3351-7260
Elisa TasankoDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Trine Tollerup NielsenDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Joonas NaamankaDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-7416
Kumar VeerapenAnalytic and Translational Genetics Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Daniel F LeveyDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8431-9569
Jaroslav BendlCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9989-2720
Jonas Bybjerg-GrauholmThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Biao ZengCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Ditte DemontisDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9124-2766
Anders RosengrenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6682-1288
Georgios AthanasiadisThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-4035
Marie Bækved-HansenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Per QvistDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-0089
G Bragi WaltersdeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5415-6487
Thorgeir ThorgeirssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5149-7040
Hreinn StefánssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Katherine L MuslinerThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Veera M RajagopalDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5236-168X
Leila FarajzadehDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Janne ThirstrupDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Bjarni J VilhjálmssonThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2277-9249
John J McGrathNational Centre for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Manuel MattheisenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Sandra MeierThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Esben AgerboThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Kári StefánssondeCODE Genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Merete NordentoftThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Thomas WergeThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-0766
David M HougaardThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5928-3517
Preben B MortensenThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Murray B SteinPsychiatry Service, VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9564-2871
Joel GelernterDivision of Human Genetics, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4067-1859
Iiris HovattaDepartment of Psychology and Logopedics, SleepWell Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5990-7892
Panos RoussosCenter for Disease Neurogenomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Mark J DalyInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Ole MorsThe Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark.
Aarno PalotieInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-5874
Anders D BørglumDepartment of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark. anders@biomed.au.dk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8627-7219
Aarhus University · DKAllen Institute for Brain Science · USdeCODE Genetics (Iceland) · ISUniversity of Helsinki · FIBroad Institute · USCopenhagen University Hospital · DKStatens Serum Institut · DKDalhousie University · CAYale University · USAarhus University Hospital · DKNathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research · USThe University of Queensland · AUUniversity of California San Diego · USUniversity of Copenhagen · DK

Funding

Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
Understanding the molecular mechanisms that contribute to neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer DiseaseR01AG067025 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI FINKBEINER, STEVEN M, HAROUTUNIAN, VAHRAM · 2019 to 2023
$11.8M
The 3D genome in transcriptional regulation across the postnatal life span, with implications for schizophrenia and bipolar disorderU01MH116442 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI AKBARIAN, SCHAHRAM, DRACHEVA, STELLA · 2018 to 2022
$5.9M
2/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Advancing Discovery and ImpactR01MH124851 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BOERGLUM, ANDERS, DAVIS, LEA K · 2021 to 2025
$5.4M
Control of Neutrophilic Inflammation in Intestinal Health and DiseaseR01DK109677 · NIDDK · UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS MED SCH WORCESTER · PI Beth A McCormick · 2016 to 2026
$5.2M
Multiethnic genomic epigenomic and transcriptomic fine-mapping and functional validation analysis of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder risk lociR01MH125246 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2021 to 2025
$5.0M
Risk genetic variants and cis regulation of gene expression in Bipolar DisorderR01MH109677 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2016 to 2020
$4.6M
SPPACE INSTI Study: Sex-specific Predictors, Pathways, And Cardiometabolic Effects of Weight Gain Associated with Integrase Strand-Transfer InhibitorsR01DK125246 · NIDDK · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI ALVAREZ, JESSICA ALEJANDRA, LAHIRI, CECILE DELILLE · 2021 to 2025
$4.2M
Training Program in NeuroscienceT32MH087004 · NIMH · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GEORGE W. HUNTLEY · 2009 to 2026
$4.0M
5/7 Psychiatric Genomics Consortium: Finding actionable variationU01MH109514 · NIMH · CARDIFF UNIVERSITY · PI O'DONOVAN, MICHAEL · 2016 to 2020
$2.9M
COVID and Translational Science supercomputer (CATS)S10OD030463 · OD · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KOVATCH, PATRICIA · 2021 to 2021
$2.0M
Big Omics Data Engine 2 SupercomputerS10OD026880 · OD · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI KOVATCH, PATRICIA · 2019 to 2019
$2.0M
BLRD VA IK2 BX005058NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI116442NIA NIH HHS R01 AG067025NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK109677NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK125246NIH HHS S10 OD026880NIH HHS S10 OD030463NIMH NIH HHS K08 MH122911NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH109677NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH124851NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH125246NIMH NIH HHS T32 MH087004NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH109514NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH116442
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Depression is a common psychiatric disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Here we conducted a genome-wide association study meta-analysis of six datasets, including >1.3 million individuals (371,184 with depression) and identified 243 risk loci. Overall, 64 loci were new, including genes encoding glutamate and GABA receptors, which are targets for antidepressant drugs. Intersection with functional genomics data prioritized likely causal genes and revealed new enrichment of prenatal GABAergic neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte lineages. We found depression to be highly polygenic, with ~11,700 variants explaining 90% of the single-nucleotide polymorphism heritability, estimating that >95% of risk variants for other psychiatric disorders (anxiety, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) were influencing depression risk when both concordant and discordant variants were considered, and nearly all depression risk variants influenced educational attainment. Additionally, depression genetic risk was associated with impaired complex cognition domains. We dissected the genetic and clinical heterogeneity, revealing distinct polygenic architectures across subgroups of depression and demonstrating significantly increased absolute risks for recurrence and psychiatric comorbidity among cases of depression with the highest polygenic burden, with considerable sex differences. The risks were up to 5- and 32-fold higher than cases with the lowest polygenic burden and the background population, respectively. These results deepen the understanding of the biology underlying depression, its disease progression and inform precision medicine approaches to treatment.

Indexed as

Attention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBipolar DisorderSchizophreniaDepressionFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMalePolymorphism, Single Nucleotide

Identifiers

PMID37464041
PMCPMC10839245
OpenAlexW4384664113

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.