Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37461429›Full record

ArticleNature reviews. Methods primers2022

Engineered hydrogels for mechanobiology.

Ulrich Blache, Eden M Ford, Byunghang Ha, Laura Rijns, Ovijit Chaudhuri, Patricia Y W Dankers, April M Kloxin, Jess G Snedeker, Eileen Gentleman

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature reviews. Methods primers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 92 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
92citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

92 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. [Organoid-based strategies and challenges in tissue regeneration].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Nascent Extracellular Matrix Converts Biomaterial Cues into Cell Fate Decisions.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  4. Prepatterned Tissue Stiffness Gradient Controls Organ shape and size.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Microengineered Gradient Hydrogels for Mechanobiology.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Harnessing Phase Separation for the Development of High-Performance Hydrogels.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

32 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Ulrich BlacheFraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology and Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence for Immune-Mediated Disease, Leipzig, Germany.
Eden M FordDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, DE, USA.
Byunghang HaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA.
Laura RijnsInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
Ovijit ChaudhuriDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, CA, USA.
Patricia Y W DankersInstitute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
April M KloxinDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, DE, USA.
Jess G SnedekerUniversity Hospital Balgrist and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Eileen GentlemanCentre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK.

Funding

Role of extracellular matrix malleability in mediating breast cancer cell invasion and migrationR37CA214136 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI CHAUDHURI, OVIJIT · 2018 to 2024
$2.5M
Unraveling fibrosis with dynamic microenvironments and molecular toolsDP2HL152424 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI KLOXIN, APRIL M · 2019 to 2019
$2.4M
NCI NIH HHS R37 CA214136NHLBI NIH HHS DP2 HL152424
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cells' local mechanical environment can be as important in guiding cellular responses as many well-characterized biochemical cues. Hydrogels that mimic the native extracellular matrix can provide these mechanical cues to encapsulated cells, allowing for the study of their impact on cellular behaviours. Moreover, by harnessing cellular responses to mechanical cues, hydrogels can be used to create tissues in vitro for regenerative medicine applications and for disease modelling. This Primer outlines the importance and challenges of creating hydrogels that mimic the mechanical and biological properties of the native extracellular matrix. The design of hydrogels for mechanobiology studies is discussed, including appropriate choice of cross-linking chemistry and strategies to tailor hydrogel mechanical cues. Techniques for characterizing hydrogels are explained, highlighting methods used to analyze cell behaviour. Example applications for studying fundamental mechanobiological processes and regenerative therapies are provided, along with a discussion of the limitations of hydrogels as mimetics of the native extracellular matrix. The article ends with an outlook for the field, focusing on emerging technologies that will enable new insights into mechanobiology and its role in tissue homeostasis and disease.

Identifiers

PMID37461429
PMCPMC7614763

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.