SynthesisNature human behaviour2023
A taxonomy of anti-vaccination arguments from a systematic literature review and text modelling.
Synthesis in Nature human behaviour, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Development of a Conceptual Framework of Health Misinformation During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Systematic Review of Reviews.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Pooled it
- Communication-based interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine willingness and uptake: a systematic review with meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of debunking interventions on endorsement of alternative medicine: a randomized controlled experiment in Peru.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Economic and health consequence frames affect COVID-19 vaccine incentive attitudes in Germany- a survey based framing experiment.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- A randomized controlled trial of empathetic refutational learning with health care professionals.BMC public health · 2025Trial
- Personalized feedback about immunity corrects risk misestimation and motivates vaccination.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- COVID-19 Vaccine Framing and Acceptance Among Adults Who Are Vaccine Hesitant.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Effectiveness of "naturalness" value-based narrative intervention on vaccination acceptance in two randomized controlled trials.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Vaccine Hesitancy and Refusal Among Parents of Children Aged 5-11 Years: Evidence from the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Calabria Region.Vaccines · 2025Article
- A field test of empathetic refutational and motivational interviewing to address vaccine hesitancy among patients.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Persistence of major socio-economic inequalities in childhood measles-mumps-rubella vaccination coverage and timeliness under vaccination mandates, France, 2015 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2025Article
- Topical fluoride hesitancy and opposition are significantly and positively associated: A cross-sectional study.PloS one · 2025Article
- Public agreement with misinformation about wind farms.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Article
- Parental vaccine hesitancy and influenza vaccine type preferences during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic.Communications medicine · 2024Article
- Detecting and monitoring concerns against HPV vaccination on social media using large language models.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Toolbox of individual-level interventions against online misinformation.Nature human behaviour · 2024Review
- Difficulties faced by physicians from four European countries in rebutting antivaccination arguments: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2024Article
- Behavioural interventions to reduce vaccine hesitancy driven by misinformation on social media.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2024Article
- COVID-19 and influenza vaccine-hesitancy subgroups.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The proliferation of anti-vaccination arguments is a threat to the success of many immunization programmes. Effective rebuttal of contrarian arguments requires an approach that goes beyond addressing flaws in the arguments, by also considering the attitude roots-that is, the underlying psychological attributes driving a person's belief-of opposition to vaccines. Here, through a pre-registered systematic literature review of 152 scientific articles and thematic analysis of anti-vaccination arguments, we developed a hierarchical taxonomy that relates common arguments and themes to 11 attitude roots that explain why an individual might express opposition to vaccination. We further validated our taxonomy on coronavirus disease 2019 anti-vaccination misinformation, through a combination of human coding and machine learning using natural language processing algorithms. Overall, the taxonomy serves as a theoretical framework to link expressed opposition of vaccines to their underlying psychological processes. This enables future work to develop targeted rebuttals and other interventions that address the underlying motives of anti-vaccination arguments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
37460761What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.