ArticleJournal of Parkinson's disease2023
Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative: A Milestone-Based Strategy to Monitor Parkinson's Disease Progression.
Article in Journal of Parkinson's disease, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06834191 (Analysis of the Relationship Between Immunosuppressive Treatment Status and Clinical Course of Parkinson's Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Analysis of the Relationship Between Immunosuppressive Treatment Status and Clinical Course of Parkinson's Disease
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Digital Outcomes as Biomarkers of Disease Progression in Early Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2025Pooled it
- What's in a name? reframing advanced Parkinson's disease as a multidimensional state.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Diagnostic, Prognostic Value, and Pathological Associations of Levodopa Responsiveness in Parkinson's Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy.Annals of neurology · 2026Article
- Disease-Duration-Specific Percentiles for Prospective Subtyping of Parkinson's Disease: A PPMI-Based Study.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Disease modification in advanced Parkinson's disease: a review and roadmap for paving the way for next-generation interventions.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2026Review
- Comparative analysis of progression milestones across Parkinson's disease clinical, pathological, and data-driven subtypes: a 10-year follow-up.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- The role of phospho-ubiquitin in mitochondrial health and diseases.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Epigenetic Aging Clocks Associate with Cognitive Status but Not Cognitive Decline: Evidence from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Fall Frequency, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in Parkinson's Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Clinical and Imaging Characteristics of Parkinson's Disease with Negative Alpha-Synuclein Seed Amplification Assay.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- Clinical correlates of a negative cerebrospinal fluid α-synuclein seed amplification assay result in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Peripheral inflammation predicts motor, cognitive, and disease progression in Parkinson's disease: A 4-year longitudinal study from the PPMI cohorts.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Article
- Machine-Learning-Based Targeted Plasma Proteomic Analysis for Predicting Motor Progression in Parkinson's Disease: An Interpretable Approach to Personalized Disease Management.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond Pathology: α-Synuclein Homeostasis and Three Principles to Guide Research.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Evolution of disease modifying therapy clinical trial design and therapeutic endpoints for Parkinson's disease.Journal of Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- Combined Effects of Depression, Fatigue and Cardiovascular Dysfunction on Functional Dependence Over Seven Years in Early Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders clinical practice · 2026Article
- Optimizing Parkinson's disease progression scales using computational methods.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Article
- Differentiating between the impact of sex and gender in Parkinson's disease: utilising these to advance current understanding and care practices.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Milestone to Ensure Safety and Efficacy of Companion Diagnostic (CDx) That Support Treatment Decisions in Cancer Patients.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Multimodal neuroimaging and AI integration in cognitive disorders: advances, challenges, and future directions for precision medicine.Psychoradiology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIdentifying a meaningful progression metric for Parkinson's disease (PD) that reflects heterogeneity remains a challenge.
objectiveTo assess the frequency and baseline predictors of progression to clinically relevant motor and non-motor PD milestones.
methodsUsing data from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) de novo PD cohort, we monitored 25 milestones across six domains ("walking and balance"; "motor complications"; "cognition"; "autonomic dysfunction"; "functional dependence"; "activities of daily living"). Milestones were intended to be severe enough to reflect meaningful disability. We assessed the proportion of participants reaching any milestone; evaluated which occurred most frequently; and conducted a time-to-first-event analysis exploring whether baseline characteristics were associated with progression.
resultsHalf of participants reached at least one milestone within five years. Milestones within the cognitive, functional dependence, and autonomic dysfunction domains were reached most often. Among participants who reached a milestone at an annual follow-up visit and remained active in the study, 82% continued to meet criteria for any milestone at one or more subsequent annual visits and 55% did so at the next annual visit. In multivariable analysis, baseline features predicting faster time to reaching a milestone included age (p < 0.0001), greater MDS-UPDRS total scores (p < 0.0001), higher GDS-15 depression scores (p = 0.0341), lower dopamine transporter binding (p = 0.0043), and lower CSF total α-synuclein levels (p = 0.0030). Symptomatic treatment was not significantly associated with reaching a milestone (p = 0.1639).
conclusionClinically relevant milestones occur frequently, even in early PD. Milestones were significantly associated with baseline clinical and biological markers, but not with symptomatic treatment. Further studies are necessary to validate these results, further assess the stability of milestones, and explore translating them into an outcome measure suitable for observational and therapeutic studies.
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