ReviewBritish journal of cancer2023
Resistance to immune checkpoint therapies by tumour-induced T-cell desertification and exclusion: key mechanisms, prognostication and new therapeutic opportunities.
Review in British journal of cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 74 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
74 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety of immune checkpoint modulators beyond PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 in solid tumors: a meta-analysis.JNCI cancer spectrum · 2026Pooled it
- Evolution of the tumor immune landscape during treatment with tebentafusp, a T cell receptor-CD3 bispecific.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Trial
- Dynamic profiling of immune microenvironment during anti-PD-1 immunotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: the IPRICE study.BMC cancer · 2023Trial
- Optimizing Cancer Vaccinations Using a Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) Model.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Bridging BET bromodomain and immune checkpoint inhibitors through generative bioorganic frameworks for next-generation cancer immunotherapy.RSC medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Immunogenic Cell Death in Melanoma Induced by Radiotherapy, Photodynamic Therapy, or Non-Thermal Plasma: The Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Association of Cachexia-Related Status With Treatment Outcomes in Advanced Gastric Cancer Receiving First-Line Therapy With or Without Nivolumab.Journal of gastrointestinal cancer · 2026Article
- Beyond cold to hot: oncolytic virotherapy as the next cornerstone of immuno-oncology.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2026Review
- Cytokines and chemokines in plasma as markers reflecting immunophenotype of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Human cell · 2026Article
- Spatial ecotype in tumor immune exclusion: from spatial architecture to therapeutic strategies.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Review
- Generalizable AI predicts immunotherapy outcomes across cancers and treatments.Nature medicine · 2026Article
- Persistent NET states link lesion-related microbial signals to the cold tumor-related local restrictive environment: a context-dependent working model.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Quantifying PD1 Saturation by PDL1 in Tumor Tissue Using a Novel RNA Aptamer-Based Assay.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Tumor microenvironment-specific nanomedicine: from biology-driven to multi-omics-guided precision engineering.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- The Imipridone ONC206 Inhibits Tumor Growth and Improves Survival in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Uveal Melanoma.Cancers · 2026Article
- PLD1 and PLD2 promote an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via CCL19-dependent macrophage polarization and PD-L1 induction.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Epigenetic orchestration of cancer-immune dynamics: mechanisms, technologies, and clinical advancements.Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Nintedanib enhances the antitumor efficacy of pd-1 blockade, potentially through inhibition of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- From Immunobiology to Clinical Application: Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Melanoma.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
14 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapies (ICT) can reinvigorate the effector functions of anti-tumour T cells, improving cancer patient outcomes. Anti-tumour T cells are initially formed during their first contact (priming) with tumour antigens by antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Unfortunately, many patients are refractory to ICT because their tumours are considered to be 'cold' tumours-i.e., they do not allow the generation of T cells (so-called 'desert' tumours) or the infiltration of existing anti-tumour T cells (T-cell-excluded tumours). Desert tumours disturb antigen processing and priming of T cells by targeting APCs with suppressive tumour factors derived from their genetic instabilities. In contrast, T-cell-excluded tumours are characterised by blocking effective anti-tumour T lymphocytes infiltrating cancer masses by obstacles, such as fibrosis and tumour-cell-induced immunosuppression. This review delves into critical mechanisms by which cancer cells induce T-cell 'desertification' and 'exclusion' in ICT refractory tumours. Filling the gaps in our knowledge regarding these pro-tumoral mechanisms will aid researchers in developing novel class immunotherapies that aim at restoring T-cell generation with more efficient priming by APCs and leukocyte tumour trafficking. Such developments are expected to unleash the clinical benefit of ICT in refractory patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.