ReviewMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2023
Immune checkpoint inhibitors promising role in cancer therapy: clinical evidence and immune-related adverse events.
Review in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Synergistic effects of anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer therapy: a comprehensive review of preclinical and clinical evidence.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2026Pooled it
- Immune checkpoint blockade in cancer: current insights and future horizons.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Risk Factors and Survival Outcomes of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2026Article
- A Systematic Evaluation of the Dosing Regimens for Approved Targeted Therapies and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma From a Project OPTIMUS Perspective.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis and pericarditis: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FAERS database.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Financial Aspects of Phototherapies and Immunotherapy for Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Review
- Cancer Stem Cells Connecting to Immunotherapy: Key Insights, Challenges, and Potential Treatment Opportunities.Cancers · 2025Review
- Article
- Immune inhibitory receptor agonist therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The Benefits and Safety of Monoclonal Antibodies: Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Telomerase-based vaccines: a promising frontier in cancer immunotherapy.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitor induced hypophysitis: a specific disease of corticotrophs?Endocrine connections · 2024Article
- Article
- Non-viral-mediated gene transfer of OX40 ligand for tumor immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Leveraging the synergy between anti-angiogenic therapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat digestive system cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Opaganib (ABC294640) Induces Immunogenic Tumor Cell Death and Enhances Checkpoint Antibody Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Update on immune-based therapy strategies targeting cancer stem cells.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to noteworthy progressions in the management of diverse cancer types, as evidenced by the pioneering "ipilimumab" medication authorized by US FDA in 2011. Importantly, ICIs agents have demonstrated encouraging potential in bringing about transformation across diverse forms of cancer by selectively targeting the immune checkpoint pathways that are exploited by cancerous cells for dodging the immune system, culminating in progressive and favorable health outcomes for patients. The primary mechanism of action (MOA) of ICIs involves blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints. There are three approved categories including Programmed Death (PD-1) inhibitors (cemiplimab, nivolumab, and pembrolizumab), Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) (Ipilimumab), and Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PDL-1) (Avelumab). Although ICIs promisingly increase therapeutic response and cancer survival rates, using ICIs has demonstrated some limitations including autoimmune reactions and toxicities, requiring close monitoring. The present review endeavors to explicate the underlying principles of the MOA and pharmacokinetics of the approved ICIs in the realm of cancer induction, including an appraisal of their level of practice-based evidence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.