Observational studyAlzheimer's research & therapy2023
Breathing cessation events that compose the apnea-hypopnea index are distinctively associated with the adverse outcomes in Alzheimer's disease.
Observational study in Alzheimer's research & therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Periodic limb movements in Parkinson's disease: a critical review of pathophysiology and a framework for clinical management.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2026Review
- The trajectory of sleep after critical illness: a 24-month follow-up study.Annals of intensive care · 2025Article
- Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Incident Frailty in Elderly Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Study Based on Propensity Score Matching.Clinical interventions in aging · 2024Article
- Predicting Alzheimer's disease CSF core biomarkers: a multimodal Machine Learning approach.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Sleep disturbances and their correlation with memory impairment in patients with Alzheimer's disease and amnestic mild cognitive impairment.Journal of Alzheimer's disease reportsArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies challenge the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) once patients are diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Nevertheless, OSA recognizably disrupts sleep, and relevant associations between sleep, AD pathological markers, and cognition have been demonstrated. We aimed to further explore this, evaluating the associations between each breathing cessation event that compose the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) and the sleep structure to finally investigate whether this was related to increased levels of AD markers and higher cognitive decline.
methodsObservational, prospective study, including consecutive patients diagnosed with mild-moderate AD. The participants were submitted to overnight polysomnography followed by a cerebrospinal fluid collection for AD pathological markers levels determination. Neuropsychological assessment was performed at baseline and after 12 months of follow-up.
resultsThe cohort was composed of 116 patients (55.2% females) with a median [p25;p75] age of 76.0 [72.0;80.0] years and an AHI of 25.9 [15.1;48.5], which was mainly defined by the presence of hypopneas and obstructive apneas. These were distinctively associated with the sleep structure, with obstructive apneas being related to arousals and sleep lightening and hypopneas being related to an increased number of arousals only. Despite having a lower frequency, mixed and central apneas also presented associations with the sleep structure, particularly increasing the time spent in the lighter sleep stages. In relation to AD pathological markers, obstructive and mixed apneas were related to an augment in neurofilament light levels while hypopneas were associated with a higher phosphorylated-tau/amyloid-beta protein ratio. Hypopneas were the most important event for an increased cognitive decline at the 12-month follow-up.
conclusionsOur findings highlight the importance of a patient-centered approach, with a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the AHI to effectively predict the different outcomes and tailor the appropriate therapeutic strategies.
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