ArticleNature communications2023
Chronic inflammation, neutrophil activity, and autoreactivity splits long COVID.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 101 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
101 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Biomarkers of post-acute infection syndrome: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Pooled it
- Blood Biomarkers of Long COVID: A Systematic Review.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Pooled it
- Assessing the Potential of an Enzymatically Liberated Salmon Oil to Support Immune Health Recovery from Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection via Change in the Expression of Cytokine, Chemokine and Interferon-Related Genes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Trajectories of Inflammatory Markers and Post-COVID-19 Cognitive Symptoms: A Secondary Analysis of the CONTAIN COVID-19 Randomized Trial.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2024Trial
- Article
- Low serum selenium combined with SELENOP-autoantibodies are associated with persistent fatigue after SARS-CoV-2 infection.Redox biology · 2026Article
- Persistent CD4Cellular immunology · 2026Article
- Immune Dysregulation After COVID-19: Longitudinal Analysis up to 9 Months.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Defective B cell tolerance in SLE lymph nodes underpins VHmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Transfer of IgG from long COVID patients induces symptomology in mice.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccination shifts neutrophils toward a mixed activated and regulatory phenotype in patients with severe disease.Molecular biology reports · 2026Observational
- Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 Persist Over 3 Years in Acute Lung Injury/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Survivors But Are Not Associated With Persistent Thromboinflammation or Endothelial Dysfunction.Critical care explorations · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Delivered tRF-His-GTG-1 Reprograms Neutrophil Lipophagy and Triggers Inflammation in COVID-19.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning for predicting low-dose methylprednisolone effectiveness in long COVID.iScience · 2026Article
- NET Biomarkers in COVID-19 and Post-COVID Syndrome: a Comprehensive Analysis.Journal of clinical immunology · 2026Article
- Long-term sex differences in symptoms and immune profile in long COVID.Biology of sex differences · 2026Article
- Persistent Immune Dysregulation during Long COVID is Manifested in Antibodies Targeting Envelope and Nucleocapsid Proteins.Research square · 2026Article
- Persistent mitochondrial and endothelial dysfunction in non-hospitalized patients with Long COVID.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Cognitive Trajectories After Hospitalization for COVID-19: A 36-Month Longitudinal Study.The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
41 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
25 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
While immunologic correlates of COVID-19 have been widely reported, their associations with post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) remain less clear. Due to the wide array of PASC presentations, understanding if specific disease features associate with discrete immune processes and therapeutic opportunities is important. Here we profile patients in the recovery phase of COVID-19 via proteomics screening and machine learning to find signatures of ongoing antiviral B cell development, immune-mediated fibrosis, and markers of cell death in PASC patients but not in controls with uncomplicated recovery. Plasma and immune cell profiling further allow the stratification of PASC into inflammatory and non-inflammatory types. Inflammatory PASC, identifiable through a refined set of 12 blood markers, displays evidence of ongoing neutrophil activity, B cell memory alterations, and building autoreactivity more than a year post COVID-19. Our work thus helps refine PASC categorization to aid in both therapeutic targeting and epidemiological investigation of PASC.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.