Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37450175›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery2023

Stereoscopic calibration for augmented reality visualization in microscopic surgery.

Trishia El Chemaly, Caio Athayde Neves, Christoph Leuze, Brian Hargreaves, Nikolas H Blevins

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.8field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Perception-first digital twin for augmented reality microsurgery.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2026
    Article
  3. Effects of Electrode Position on Vestibular Implant Performance in Rhesus Macaque.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2026
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. From microscope to head-mounted display: integrating hand tracking into microsurgical augmented reality.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2024
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Trishia El ChemalyDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. tchemaly@stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4234-3082
Caio Athayde NevesDepartment of Otolaryngology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Christoph LeuzeDepartment of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Brian HargreavesDepartment of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nikolas H BlevinsDepartment of Otolaryngology, Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Stanford Medicine · USNeurosciences Institute · USUniversidade de Brasília · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeMiddle and inner ear procedures target hearing loss, infections, and tumors of the temporal bone and lateral skull base. Despite the advances in surgical techniques, these procedures remain challenging due to limited haptic and visual feedback. Augmented reality (AR) may improve operative safety by allowing the 3D visualization of anatomical structures from preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans on real intraoperative microscope video feed. The purpose of this work was to develop a real-time CT-augmented stereo microscope system using camera calibration and electromagnetic (EM) tracking.

methodsA 3D printed and electromagnetically tracked calibration board was used to compute the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of the surgical stereo microscope. These parameters were used to establish a transformation between the EM tracker coordinate system and the stereo microscope image space such that any tracked 3D point can be projected onto the left and right images of the microscope video stream. This allowed the augmentation of the microscope feed of a 3D printed temporal bone with its corresponding CT-derived virtual model. Finally, the calibration board was also used for evaluating the accuracy of the calibration.

resultsWe evaluated the accuracy of the system by calculating the registration error (RE) in 2D and 3D in a microsurgical laboratory setting. Our calibration workflow achieved a RE of 0.11 ± 0.06 mm in 2D and 0.98 ± 0.13 mm in 3D. In addition, we overlaid a 3D CT model on the microscope feed of a 3D resin printed model of a segmented temporal bone. The system exhibited small latency and good registration accuracy.

conclusionWe present the calibration of an electromagnetically tracked surgical stereo microscope for augmented reality visualization. The calibration method achieved accuracy within a range suitable for otologic procedures. The AR process introduces enhanced visualization of the surgical field while allowing depth perception.

Indexed as

Augmented RealityImaging, Three-DimensionalMicrosurgerySurgery, Computer-AssistedTomography, X-Ray ComputedCalibrationHumansPrinting, Three-DimensionalAugmented realityCamera calibrationElectromagnetic trackingOtologic surgeryStereo microscope

Identifiers

PMID37450175
OpenAlexW4384298354

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.