ArticleProblemy endokrinologii2023
[Olfactory function and olfactory bulbs in patients with Kallmann syndrome].
Article in Problemy endokrinologii, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism due to pathogenic variants in the POLR3B gene].Problemy endokrinologii · 2026Article
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6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe majority of Kallmann patients have anosmia or hyposmia. This is how the disease is diagnosed. Some of them don't have such complaints but olfactory dysfunction is diagnosed via olfactometry. Nowadays there is the lack of information about correlation between olfactometry results and subjective complaints. Correlation between olfactory bulbs size and olfactory dysfunction has been little studied.
aimTo explore olfactory bulb size and olfactory function in patients with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. To correlate olfactory bulb sizes and smell test scores. MATERIALS AND
methodsSingle-centre comparative study. 34 patients were included. The main group consisted of 19 patients with hypogonadotropic (15 -with Kallmann syndrome, 4 - with normosmic hypogonadism). Olfactory bulbs MRI were provided to all the patients, olfactory test (Sniffin' Sticks Test) and molecular-genetic studies were provided in all patients with hypogonadism. Control group consisted of 15 patients who were provided with orbits MRI. Olfactory bulbs were evaluated additionally in them.
resultsNormal size of olfactory bulbs were only in 1 patient with hypogonadism. Olfactory bulbs height and width were significantly smaller in patients with hypogonadism in comparison with control group (p<0.01). Height median of right bulb was 1.0 mm [0.2; 1.8] in patients from the main group vs. 3.0 [2.5; 3.2] in controls, width median of right bulb was 1.0 mm [0.2; 1.9] in patients from the main group vs. 2.5 [2.0; 3.0] in controls. Height median of left bulb was 0.8 mm [0.0; 1.2] in patients from the main group vs. 3.0 [2.7; 3.2] in controls, width median of left bulb was 0.8 mm [0.0; 1.2] in patients from the main group vs. 2.5 [2.0; 3.0] in controls. Correlation has been established between left bulb height (r=0.59) and width (r=0.67) and olfactometry results (p<0.05). 4 patients had no anosmia complaints but had olfactory dysfunction according to Sniffin' Sticks Tests.
conclusionOlfactometry was able to diagnose olfactory dysfunction in 78.5% (i.e. in 15 out of 19 patients with congenital isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. However, anosmia complaints had only 11 out of 19 patients. It is the first results of olfactory bulb sizes in patients with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism in Russia. Uni - or bilateral hypoor aplasia were diagnosed in 94.7% patients with hypogonadism regardless of olfactory dysfunction. Bilateral olfactory bulbs hypoplasia were the most common MRI-finding (36.8%). Unilateral hypoor aplasia was diagnosed in 31.6% patients.
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