Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37444950›Full record

ReviewMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023

Producing Metal Powder from Machining Chips Using Ball Milling Process: A Review.

Leong Kean Wei, Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim, Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah, Allice Tan Mun Yin, Mohd Fathullah Ghazali, Mohd Firdaus Omar, Ovidiu Nemeș, Andrei Victor Sandu, Petrica Vizureanu, Abdellah El-Hadj Abdellah

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Leong Kean WeiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia.
Shayfull Zamree Abd RahimFaculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia.
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri AbdullahCenter of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia.
Allice Tan Mun YinFaculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-5680-3652
Mohd Fathullah GhazaliFaculty of Mechanical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Arau 02600, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0001-6307-3440
Mohd Firdaus OmarCenter of Excellence Geopolymer and Green Technology (CEGeoGTech), Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar 01000, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-6365-6272
Ovidiu NemeșDepartment of Environmental Engineering and Sustainable Development Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, B-dul Muncii 103-105, 400641 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.ORCID 0000-0001-7332-9331
Andrei Victor SanduFaculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Blvd. D. Mangeron 71, 700050 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-9292-749X
Petrica VizureanuFaculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iasi, Blvd. D. Mangeron 71, 700050 Iasi, Romania.ORCID 0000-0002-3593-9400
Abdellah El-Hadj AbdellahLaboratory of Mechanics, Physics and Mathematical Modelling (LMP2M), University of Medea, Medea 26000, Algeria.ORCID 0000-0002-3209-8132

Funding

Ministry of Education FRGS/1/2019/TK03/UNIMAP/02/20
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the pursuit of achieving zero emissions, exploring the concept of recycling metal waste from industries and workshops (i.e., waste-free) is essential. This is because metal recycling not only helps conserve natural resources but also requires less energy as compared to the production of new products from virgin raw materials. The use of metal scrap in rapid tooling (RT) for injection molding is an interesting and viable approach. Recycling methods enable the recovery of valuable metal powders from various sources, such as electronic, industrial, and automobile scrap. Mechanical alloying is a potential opportunity for sustainable powder production as it has the capability to convert various starting materials with different initial sizes into powder particles through the ball milling process. Nevertheless, parameter factors, such as the type of ball milling, ball-to-powder ratio (BPR), rotation speed, grinding period, size and shape of the milling media, and process control agent (PCA), can influence the quality and characteristics of the metal powders produced. Despite potential drawbacks and environmental impacts, this process can still be a valuable method for recycling metals into powders. Further research is required to optimize the process. Furthermore, ball milling has been widely used in various industries, including recycling and metal mold production, to improve product properties in an environmentally friendly way. This review found that ball milling is the best tool for reducing the particle size of recycled metal chips and creating new metal powders to enhance mechanical properties and novelty for mold additive manufacturing (MAM) applications. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further research on various parameters associated with ball milling to optimize the process of converting recycled copper chips into powder. This research will assist in attaining the highest level of efficiency and effectiveness in particle size reduction and powder quality. Lastly, this review also presents potential avenues for future research by exploring the application of RT in the ball milling technique.

Indexed as

ball millingmechanical alloyingmechanical propertiesmilling parametersmould additive manufacturingrapid toolingrecycling metals

Identifiers

PMID37444950
PMCPMC10342442

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.