ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2023
An Experimental Study on the Impact of Layer Height and Annealing Parameters on the Tensile Strength and Dimensional Accuracy of FDM 3D Printed Parts.
Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Process-Structure Relationships Governing Dimensional Accuracy in Material-Extrusion-Printed PLA-Based Composites.Polymers · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Integrated FDM optimization with multivariate capability analysis for dimensional and compressive mechanical properties.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Enhancing FDM Rapid Prototyping for Industry 4.0 Applications Through Simulation and Optimization Techniques.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sustainable Thermal Post-Processing of PLA 3D Prints: Increased Dimensional Precision and Autoclave Compatibility.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2025Article
- Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of 3D-Printed Polylactide Laminate Composites' Mechanical Properties.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Design and Modification of a Material Extrusion 3D Printer to Manufacture Functional Gradient PEEK Components.Polymers · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of annealing time, temperature, and layer height on the tensile strength and dimensional change of three 3D printing materials (PLA, PETG, and carbon fiber-reinforced PETG). Samples with varying layer heights (0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, and 0.3 mm) were annealed at temperatures ranging from 60-100 °C for 30, 60, and 90 min. Tensile tests were conducted, and regression models were developed to analyze the effects of these parameters on tensile strength. The models exhibited high accuracy, with a maximum deviation of only 5% from measured validation values. The models showed that layer height has a significantly bigger influence on tensile strength than annealing time and temperature. Optimal combinations of parameters were identified for each material, with PLA performing best at 0.1 mm/60 min/90 °C and PETG and PETGCF achieving optimal tensile strength at 0.1 mm/90 min/60 °C. PETGCF demonstrated smallest dimensional change after annealing and had the best modulus of elasticity of all the materials. The study employed experimental testing and regression models to assess the results across multiple materials under consistent conditions, contributing valuable insights to the ongoing discussion on the influence of annealing in 3D-printed parts.
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