ReviewCancers2023
The Effectiveness of Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Retreatment and Rechallenge-A Systematic Review.
Review in Cancers, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Long-acting IL-7 induces distinct transcriptomic features in peripheral T cells of patients with solid tumors.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Drug Repurposing in Oncology: A Strategic Pathway to Unlocking New Therapeutic Potential.Therapeutic innovation & regulatory science · 2026Review
- Recurrent endometrial carcinoma with immune-mediated thrombocytopenia following durvalumab: A case report.Case reports in women's health · 2026Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Hepatitis, an Emerging Issue in Precision Cancer Therapy Era: A Narrative Literature Review.Rambam Maimonides medical journal · 2026Review
- The efficacy analysis of immunotherapy rechallenge after progression from first-line chemo-immunotherapy in advanced non-small cell lung cancer.BMC immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Tumor microenvironment-oriented HNGCIscore identifies immunotherapy-sensitive subgroups in ICI retreatment of HER2-negative advanced gastric cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Outcomes of Patients with Rare Cancers Treated with Combination Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors With and Without Prior anti-PD-1/L1 Exposure (NCI/SWOG S1609).JCO oncology advances · 2025Article
- High-risk neuroblastoma as a model for immunotherapy of non-immunogenic cancers: where might we be in 20 years?Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Review
- The use of durvalumab and tremelimumab after atezolizumab and bevacizumab in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: case report and literature review.Immunotherapy · 2025Review
- Safety and efficacy of retreatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors after severe immune-related adverse events.The oncologist · 2025Article
- Treatment advances across the cervical cancer spectrum.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- Advances in cervical cancer: current insights and future directions.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2025Review
- Optimizing early-phase immunotherapy trials: the role of biomarker enrichment strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor rechallenge in initial immunotherapy responders with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: A single-center retrospective study.Investigational new drugs · 2024Article
- Continuation of same programmed death-1 inhibitor regime beyond progression is a novel option for advanced gastric cancer.BMC cancer · 2024Article
- Review
- Glyco-signatures in patients with advanced lung cancer during anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.Acta biochimica et biophysica Sinica · 2024Article
- Evolving standards and future directions for systemic therapies in cervical cancer.Journal of gynecologic oncology · 2024Review
- New strategies in the diagnosis and treatment of immune-checkpoint inhibitor-mediated colitis.World journal of clinical cases · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite a great success of immunotherapy in cancer treatment, a great number of patients will become resistant. This review summarizes recent reports on immune checkpoint inhibitor retreatment or rechallenge in order to overcome primary resistance. The systematic review was performed according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus. In total, 31 articles were included with a total of 812 patients. There were 16 retreatment studies and 13 rechallenge studies. We identified 15 studies in which at least one parameter (overall response rate or disease control rate) improved or was stable at secondary treatment. Interval treatment, primary response to and the cause of cessation for the first immune checkpoint inhibitors seem to be promising predictors of secondary response. However, high heterogeneity of investigated cohorts and lack of reporting guidelines are limiting factors for current in-depth analysis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.