ReviewCells2023
Beyond the Complement Cascade: Insights into Systemic Immunosenescence and Inflammaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration and Current Barriers to Treatment.
Review in Cells, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent advances in treating age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy: Current therapies and emerging novel approaches.GeroScience · 2026Review
- Age-Related Neurovascular Dysfunction in the Retina and Potential Pathogenic Mechanisms.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2026Review
- Trends, hotspots, and future directions of inflammation in age-related macular degeneration: A 20-year bibliometric study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Retinal pigment epithelium pathology in age-related macular degeneration: mitigation with melatonin.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- The Prevalence of Malnutrition and Early-Stage Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Using Three Nutritional Scoring Systems.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Preventive and Protective Effects of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Boosters in Aging and Retinal Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Immunosenescence and organoids: pathophysiology and therapeutic opportunities.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Review
- Immunosenescence: signaling pathways, diseases and therapeutic targets.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Repurposing Dimethyl Fumarate Targeting Nrf2 to Slow Down the Growth of Areas of Geographic Atrophy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- Role of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Age Related Macular Degeneration: Insights into the Retinal Pigment Epithelium (RPE).International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Mechanisms Underlying Vascular Inflammaging: Current Insights and Potential Treatment Approaches.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- Association of Telomere Length in T Lymphocytes, B Lymphocytes, NK Cells and Monocytes with Different Forms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Aging in Ocular Blood Vessels: Molecular Insights and the Role of Oxidative Stress.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Recent Advances in Our Understanding of Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Redox Signaling, and the Complement System.Aging and disease · 2024Review
- The role of age in ocular toxoplasmosis: clinical signs of immunosenescence and inflammaging.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Landmark genetic studies have revealed the effect of complement biology and its regulation on the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Limited phase 3 clinical trial data showing a benefit of complement inhibition in AMD raises the prospect of more complex mediators at play. Substantial evidence supports the role of para-inflammation in maintaining homeostasis in the retina and choroid. With increasing age, a decline in immune system regulation, known as immunosenescence, has been shown to alter the equilibrium maintained by para-inflammation. The altered equilibrium results in chronic, sterile inflammation with aging, termed 'inflammaging', including in the retina and choroid. The chronic inflammatory state in AMD is complex, with contributions from cells of the innate and adaptive branches of the immune system, sometimes with overlapping features, and the interaction of their secretory products with retinal cells such as microglia and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), extracellular matrix and choroidal vascular endothelial cells. In this review, the chronic inflammatory state in AMD will be explored by immune cell type, with a discussion of factors that will need to be overcome in the development of curative therapies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.