ArticleClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2023
Concern on Skin Lightening Product Safety: Level of Awareness and Associated Factors Among Female Users in Bahir Dar City, Ethiopia.
Article in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Why are people cosmetic skin whitening? A systematic review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis of Associations Between Education and Use of and Knowledge About Skin Bleaching and Skin Lightening Products.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Review
- Changing Skin: The Prevalence, Impact, and Risks of Skin Bleaching Among African Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Review
- Knowledge, Perceptions, and Practices of Skin-Lightening Products Among Female Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Comparative evaluation of quality attributes among six different brands of metformin hydrochloride tablets marketed in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Article
- Perceptions and Management of Pregnancy-Related Skin Changes: A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Practices, and Use of Skincare Product.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Most skin lightening products are composed of some toxic chemicals such as mercury and hydroquinone which are classified under critical ingredients which need evaluation. Consumption without sufficient awareness may lead to toxicities endangering skin health. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the level of awareness towards the side effects of skin lightening products and associated factors among females in Bahir Dar city, Ethiopia. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted in Bahir Dar city from June 28 to August 28, 2022 among females that had been using skin whitening. Samples of 362 females were selected by using multistage sampling technique from selected drug retail outlets. The data was coded, cleaned, and analyzed by using SPSS version 26. The variables were analyzed through multiple regression in order to identify the associated factors towards the level of awareness on the side effects of skin lightening products. Results: Only 42.7% of the respondents had a favorable level of awareness. The highly influencing factors for using skin lightening products were peer pressure (39.9%) and social media (37.4%). Nearly half of the users experienced side effects. Only 8.9% of the respondents know the active ingredients of the products. Level of education was found to have significant association with level of awareness (AOR = 7.66, 95% CI: (1.23, 47.59); P = 0.029). Conclusion: Only less than half of women have favorable awareness towards skin lightening products they use. The significant association between educational level and level of awareness should be considered as an alternative intervention in addition to regulatory restrictions.
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