ArticleEuropean journal of public health2024
Gambling among indebted individuals: an analysis of bank transaction data.
Article in European journal of public health, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Financial Literacy and Gambling Behaviour: A Systematic Review.Journal of gambling studies · 2025Pooled it
- Frequency of gambling, mental health, and financial stress among young adults.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Across the Bettor-Verse: an Open Banking Perspective on Gambling in the United Kingdom.Journal of gambling studies · 2025Article
- A scoping review of routinely collected linked data in research on gambling harm.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGambling is connected to important financial harms, including debt. Most existing research has investigated the relationship between gambling and debt using self-reported data. Only a few studies have used objective data. The current study focuses on the gambling of indebted individuals. It investigates the amounts and types of gambling consumed by indebted individuals, and the amounts of unsecured debt among heavy gamblers.
methodsWe use past-year banking data of Finnish individuals (N = 23 231) collected between 2018 and 2021 among applicants to a debt consolidation service. The transactions consist of deposits to, and winnings paid by gambling operators, distinguished by type of gambling (sports betting, casino, lottery) as well as active loans divided into secured and unsecured loans.
resultsGambling is widespread among indebted individuals in Finland. In terms of gambling types, casino-type gambling is the most popular among indebted individuals. Gambling spending is highly concentrated. Nearly half (49.5%) of all gambling deposits are concentrated among the highest spending 5% of indebted individuals. Individuals with unsecured loans have higher median losses than those without unsecured loans.
conclusionsThe results suggest that gambling and indebtedness are strongly linked. The connection is stronger for individuals with unsecured debt. This has implications for prevention and treatment. Easy access to unsecured credit is likely to worsen gambling harms. Debt counselling services routinely encounter gambling-related harms and need to be equipped to manage these issues.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.