Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37440102›Full record

ArticleCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2023

Gaps in childhood immunizations and preventive care visits during the COVID-19 pandemic: a population-based cohort study of children in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada, 2016-2021.

Andrea Evans, Alyson L Mahar, Bhumika Deb, Alexa Boblitz, Marni Brownell, Astrid Guttmann, Therese A Stukel, Eyal Cohen, Joykrishna Sarkar, Nkiruka Eze and 3 more

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 11% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Andrea EvansChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Alyson L MaharDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Bhumika DebICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Alexa BoblitzICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Marni BrownellDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Astrid GuttmannICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Therese A StukelICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Eyal CohenICES, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Joykrishna SarkarManitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Nkiruka EzeManitoba Centre for Health Policy, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Alan KatzDepartment of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
Tharani RaveendranChild Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Natasha SaundersICES, Toronto, ON, Canada. Natasha.saunders@sickkids.ca.
Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAManitoba Health · CAUniversity of Manitoba · CAChildren's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba · CAHospital for Sick Children · CA

Funding

CIHR VR4-172730
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveWe aimed to estimate the changes to the delivery of routine immunizations and well-child visits through the pandemic.

methodsUsing linked administrative health data in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada (1 September 2016 to 30 September 2021), infants <12 months old (N=291,917 Ontario, N=33,994 Manitoba) and children between 12 and 24 months old (N=293,523 Ontario, N=33,001 Manitoba) exposed and unexposed to the COVID-19 pandemic were compared on rates of receipt of recommended a) vaccinations and b) well-child visits after adjusting for sociodemographic measures. In Ontario, vaccinations were captured using physician billings database, and in Manitoba they were captured in a centralized vaccination registry.

resultsExposed Ontario infants were slightly more likely to receive all vaccinations according to billing data (62.5% exposed vs. 61.6% unexposed; adjusted Relative Rate (aRR) 1.01 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.02]) whereas exposed Manitoba infants were less likely to receive all vaccines (73.5% exposed vs. 79.2% unexposed; aRR 0.93 [95% CI 0.92-0.94]). Among children exposed to the pandemic, total vaccination receipt was modestly decreased compared to unexposed (Ontario aRR 0.98 [95% CI 0.97-0.99]; Manitoba aRR 0.93 [95% CI 0.91-0.94]). Pandemic-exposed infants were less likely to complete all recommended well-child visits in Ontario (33.0% exposed, 48.8% unexposed; aRR 0.67 [95% CI 0.68-0.69]) and Manitoba (55.0% exposed, 70.7% unexposed; aRR 0.78 [95% CI 0.77-0.79]). A similar relationship was observed for rates of completed well-child visits among children in Ontario (aRR 0.78 [95% CI 0.77-0.79]) and Manitoba (aRR 0.79 [95% CI 0.77-0.80]).

conclusionThrough the first 18 months of the pandemic, routine vaccines were delivered to children < 2 years old at close to pre-pandemic rates. There was a high proportion of incomplete well-child visits, indicating that developmental surveillance catch-up is crucial.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesHumansInfantManitobaOntarioVaccinationCohort studyCOVID-19Family medicineHealth systemsImmunization coveragePediatricsPreventive carePrimary careWell-child care

Identifiers

PMID37440102
PMCPMC10484833
OpenAlexW4384119958

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.