ReviewJournal of clinical microbiology2023
Testing for Human Papillomaviruses in Urine, Blood, and Oral Specimens: an Update for the Laboratory.
Review in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cell-free HPV-DNA as a high-accuracy biomarker for treatment de-escalation in HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Pooled it
- HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Persistent Oral High-Risk HPV Detection: A Narrative Review of Longitudinal Assessment, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Surveillance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Experimental Analysis of HPV16 L1/L2 Chimeric VLP Internalization by Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Concurrent cervical and extra cervical HPV-related lesions: an observational study.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- HPV Detection in Oropharyngeal Cancer: A Narrative Review of Diagnostic and Emerging Molecular Approaches.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Comparative evaluation of microRNA detection in plasma, urine and liquid-based cytology for high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Comparative efficacy, feasibility and acceptability of HPV DNA testing on first-void urine versus self-collected vaginal samples: a real-world study in a resource-limited setting.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Distribution of High-Risk HPV in Cervical Versus Oropharyngeal Samples: Results from a Prospective Screening Study in a Cohort of European Women of Reproductive Age.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A Narrative Review of Urine-Based Human Papillomavirus Screening: Performance, Challenges, and Opportunities to Expand Access in the United States.Sexually transmitted diseases · 2025Review
- UnveilingiScience · 2025Article
- A United States study of self-collected urine vs clinician-collected cervical sample for HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade two or worse detection: Cross-sectional agreement and diagnostic accuracy study.Preventive medicine reports · 2025Article
- Metabolic comparison of minimally to noninvasive urogenital sample types for studying gynecologic health: A pilot study.iScience · 2025Article
- Convenient Biochemical Testing Technologies for Oral Disease Risk Warning: Opportunities and Challenges.Biosensors · 2025Review
- HPV-KITE: sequence analysis software for rapid HPV genotype detection.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- The viral landscape in metastatic solid cancers.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Optimization and analytical validation of the Allplex HPV28 genotyping assay for use in first-void urine samples.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Blood self-sampling: friend or foe?Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine · 2025Article
- The necessity and challenges of human papillomavirus testing for men.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Review
- Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotyping among healthy adult populations in the United States and Europe: results from the PROGRESS (PRevalence of Oral hpv infection, a Global aSSessment) study.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- A review of urinary HPV testing for cervical cancer management and HPV vaccine surveillance: rationale, strategies, and limitations.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Twelve high-risk alpha human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes cause approximately 690,000 cancer cases annually, with cervical and oropharyngeal cancer being the two most prominent types. HPV testing is performed in laboratory settings for various applications of a clinical, epidemiological, and research nature using a range of clinical specimens collected by clinicians or by individuals (self-collected specimens). Here, we reflect on the importance and justification of using the right test for the right application and provide practical updates for laboratories either participating in or anticipating involvement in HPV testing in three specimen types, namely, urine, blood, and oral specimens, which are considered "alternative" specimens by many. In addition to clinician-collected cervical samples and self-collected cervicovaginal samples, first-void urine is emerging as a credible specimen for HPV-based cervical cancer screening, triage of HPV screen-positive women, monitoring HPV vaccine impact, and HPV testing in groups for which a less invasive sample is preferred. Detection of cell-free DNA (including HPV DNA) in blood has great promise for the early detection of HPV-attributable oropharyngeal cancer (HPV-AOC) and potentially other HPV-driven cancers and as an adjunct prognostic marker in long-term tumor surveillance, including treatment response. The moderate sensitivity of HPV testing in oral rinses or swabs at HPV-AOC diagnosis prevents its use in HPV-AOC secondary prevention but represents a promising prognostic tool in HPV-AOC tertiary prevention, where the HPV persistence in oral rinses throughout treatment may predict early HPV-AOC recurrences and/or the development of secondary HPV-AOC. The increasing sophistication of specific collection devices designed for alternative samples and the enhanced precision of novel molecular technologies are likely to support the evolution of this field and catalyze potential translation into routine practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.