ArticleBMC women's health2023
Spatial distribution and multilevel analysis of the ideal number of children among Ethiopian women.
Article in BMC women's health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Fertility intention and its determinants of childbearing-age population in China after the three-child policy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of global health · 2026Pooled it
- Spatial distribution and determinants of fertility preferences among female adolescents and young adults in Ethiopia.PloS one · 2026Article
- Number of children ever-born and its associated factors among currently married Ethiopian women: evidence from the 2019 EMDHS using negative binomial regression.BMC women's health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIdeal number of children (INC) is the number of children that a woman or man would have if they could go back to the time when they did not have any children and could choose accurately the number of children to have in their total life. Despite numerous studies on the prevalence and associated factors of the ideal number of children, there is a lack of studies that incorporated spatial and multilevel analysis. Thus, this study was aimed at the spatial and multilevel analysis of an ideal number of children and associated factors.
methodsThe study design was a cross-sectional study in which the data was obtained from Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) in 2016. About 13,961 women ages 15-49 who fulfill the inclusion criterion were considered. A negative binomial regression model that incorporates spatial and multilevel analysis was employed.
resultsAbout 33 and 12.8% of the women had four and six ideal numbers of children respectively. The highest INC per woman was recorded in Oromia region 5055 (36.1%) and the lowest in Harare 35(0.2%). The INC per woman is high in rural 10,726 (76.6%) areas as compared to urban areas 3277(23.4%). The ideal number of children was spatially clustered (Global Moran's I = 0.1439, p < .00043). Significant hotspot clusters were found in the Somali region such as in Afder, Shabelle, Korahe, and Doolo zone.
conclusionThe spatial analysis revealed a significant clustering of the ideal number of children in the Ethiopia zone. Specifically, higher INC was observed in the Somali region, specifically in the Afder, Shabelle, Korahe, and Doolo zones. Among the various factors considered, women's age, region, place of residence, women's education level, contraception use, religion, marital status, family size, and age at first birth year were identified as significant predictors of the ideal number of children. These findings indicate that these factors play a crucial role in shaping reproductive preferences and decisions among women in the study population. Based on these findings, responsible bodies should prioritize targeted interventions and policies in high-risk regions to address women's specific reproductive needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.