SynthesisEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2023
SARS-CoV-2 post-acute sequelae in previously hospitalised patients: systematic literature review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The risk of Long Covid symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Definitions and symptoms of the post-COVID syndrome: an updated systematic umbrella review.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Presentation and temporal nature of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a US national cohort.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Influence of lifestyle factors on susceptibility, disease course and recovery from post COVID-19 syndrome: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Brain and muscle chemistry in myalgic encephalitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and long COVID: a 7T magnetic resonance spectroscopy study.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Risk of Long COVID in hospitalized individuals treated with remdesivir for acute COVID-19.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of the German Version of the Modified COVID-19 Yorkshire Rehabilitation Scale (C19-YRSm).Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Respiratory sequelae in patients with bronchial asthma after SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: a retrospective study in a large academic centre in 2020.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Socio-demographic and clinical predictors of post-acute, mid-and long-term psychological sequelae of COVID-19: a two-year cross-sectional investigation on 1317 patients at the University Hospital of Verona.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2024Article
- New-onset obstructive airway disease following COVID-19: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Health outcomes of COVID-19 patients from Wuhan, China 3-year after hospital discharge: a cohort study.BMJ open · 2024Observational
- Medium- to long-term health condition of patients post-COVID-19, exercise intolerance and potential mechanisms: A narrative review and perspective.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Long COVID-associated symptoms prevalent in both SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative individuals: A prospective follow-up study.New microbes and new infections · 2024Article
- Early immune factors associated with the development of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The association between suspected long-COVID and stimulant prescribing in the United States.Psychiatry research · 2024Article
- Unsupervised machine learning to investigate trajectory patterns of COVID-19 symptoms and physical activity measured via the MyHeart Counts App and smart devices.NPJ digital medicine · 2023Article
- Longitudinal Changes in Physical Function and Their Impact on Health Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients.Nutrients · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundMany individuals hospitalised with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection experience post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC), sometimes referred to as "long COVID". Our objective was to conduct a systematic literature review and meta-analysis to identify PASC-associated symptoms in previously hospitalised patients and determine the frequency and temporal nature of PASC.
methodsSearches of MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library (2019-2021), World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and reference lists were performed from November to December 2021. Articles were assessed by two reviewers against eligibility criteria and a risk of bias tool. Symptom data were synthesised by random effects meta-analyses.
resultsOf 6942 records, 52 studies with at least 100 patients were analysed; ∼70% were Europe-based studies. Most data were from the first wave of the pandemic. PASC symptoms were analysed from 28 days after hospital discharge. At 1-4 months post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, the most frequent individual symptoms were fatigue (29.3% (95% CI 20.1-40.6%)) and dyspnoea (19.6% (95% CI 12.8-28.7%)). Many patients experienced at least one symptom at 4-8 months (73.1% (95% CI 44.2-90.3%)) and 8-12 months (75.0% (95% CI 56.4-87.4%)).
conclusionsA wide spectrum of persistent PASC-associated symptoms were reported over the 1-year follow-up period in a significant proportion of participants. Further research is needed to better define PASC duration and determine whether factors such as disease severity, vaccination and treatments have an impact on PASC.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.