The Historic Built Environment As a Long-Term Geochemical Archive: Telling the Time on the Urban "Pollution Clock".

Katrin Wilhelm, Jack Longman, Christopher D Standish, Tim De Kock

Open access · hybridAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Environmental science & technology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

1citing papers in PubMed

0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.

Back to the future: trace lead in ambient air from wood fuel combustion.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026
Article

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Katrin WilhelmOxford Resilient Buildings and Landscapes Laboratory (OxRBL), School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3QY, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-3039-5643

Jack LongmanMarine Isotope Geochemistry, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany.

Christopher D StandishSchool of Ocean & Earth Sciences, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, U.K.ORCID 0000-0002-9726-295X

Tim De KockAntwerp Cultural Heritage Sciences (ARCHES), Faculty of Design, University of Antwerp Blindestraat 9, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-5096-1473

Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg · DENational Oceanography Centre · GBUniversity of Antwerp · BEUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study introduces a novel methodology for utilizing historic built environments as reliable long-term geochemical archives, addressing a gap in the reconstruction of past anthropogenic pollution levels in urban settings. For the first time, we employ high-resolution laser ablation mass spectrometry for lead isotope (

Indexed as

Air PollutionEnvironmental MonitoringEnvironmental PollutionHumansIsotopesLeadIsotopesLeadblack crustscoal burningheavy metalslaser ablation ICP-MSlimestonepaleopollutionPb isotope ratiosurban pollution

Identifiers

PMID37436401

DOI10.1021/acs.est.3c00153

PMCPMC10448721

OpenAlexW4383998727

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.