ArticleJCPP advances2021
Acetaminophen use during pregnancy and offspring attention deficit hyperactivity disorder - a longitudinal sibling control study.
Article in JCPP advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal paracetamol (acetaminophen) use during pregnancy and risk of autism spectrum disorder and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in offspring: umbrella review of systematic reviews.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2025Pooled it
- Evaluation of the evidence on acetaminophen use and neurodevelopmental disorders using the Navigation Guide methodology.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2025Pooled it
- Safety and Effectiveness of Pain Medications for Migraine Management During Pregnancy and Lactation.Paediatric drugs · 2026Review
- Paracetamol in Pregnancy: Uncertain Evidence, Certain Consequences.The Medical journal of Australia · 2026Article
- Paracetamol in Pregnancy: Reassurance Amidst Uncertainty.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Intra-familial dynamics of mental distress during the Covid-19 lockdown.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Prescription use of acetaminophen among pregnant women in Denmark from 2000 to 2023: A drug utilization study.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Acetaminophen's Role in Autism and ADHD: A Mitochondrial Perspective.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Maternal immune-mediated conditions and ADHD risk in offspring.BMC medicine · 2025Article
- Sibling Control Analysis of Perinatal Health and Family Environment Factors Related to Childhood ADHD Symptoms.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- NAPQI is absent in the mouse brain after sub-hepatotoxic and hepatotoxic doses of acetaminophen.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2025Article
- Associations of maternal blood biomarkers of prenatal APAP exposure with placental gene expression and child attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Nature. Mental health · 2025Article
- Do Major Pharmacovigilance Databases Support Evidence of Second Trimester NSAID and Third Trimester Paracetamol Fetotoxicity?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Familial confounding or measurement error? How to interpret findings from sibling and co-twin control studies.European journal of epidemiology · 2024Article
- Understanding Environmental Exposures and ADHD: a Pathway Forward.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Acetaminophen Use During Pregnancy and Children's Risk of Autism, ADHD, and Intellectual Disability.JAMA · 2024Article
- Paracetamol use in pregnancy: Not as safe as we may think?Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica · 2023Article
- Sex-specific neurobehavioral and prefrontal cortex gene expression alterations following developmental acetaminophen exposure in mice.Neurobiology of disease · 2023Article
- Should Antidepressants be Avoided in Pregnancy?Drug safety · 2023Review
- What a first year for JCPPJCPP advances · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Maternal acetaminophen use during pregnancy is associated with increased risk of ADHD in the child. This could reflect causal influence of acetaminophen on fetal neurodevelopment or could be due to confounding factors. The aim of the current study was to examine unmeasured familial confounding factors of this association. Methods: We used data from 26,613 children from 12,902 families participating in the prospective Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). The MoBa was linked to the Norwegian Medical Birth Register and the Norwegian Patient Registry. Siblings discordant for prenatal acetaminophen exposure were compared regarding risk of having an ADHD diagnosis. Results: Children exposed to acetaminophen up to 28 days during pregnancy did not have increased risk of receiving an ADHD diagnosis compared to unexposed children. The adjusted Hazard ratio (aHR) was 0.87 (95% C.I. = 0.70-1.08) for exposure 1 to 7 days, and 1.13 (95% C.I. = 0.82-1.49) for 8-28 days. Long-term exposure (29 days or more) was associated with a two-fold increase in risk of ADHD diagnosis (aHR = 2.02, 95% C.I = 1.17-3.25). In the sibling control model, the association between long-term acetaminophen use and ADHD in the child was aHR = 2.77 (95% C.I. = 1.48-5.05) at the between-family level, and aHR = 1.06 (95% C.I. = 0.51-2.05) at the within-family level. Conclusions: Both the exposed and the unexposed children of mothers with long-term use of acetaminophen in one of the pregnancies had increased risk of receiving an ADHD diagnosis. This indicates that the observed association between long-term acetaminophen use during pregnancy and ADHD in the child may at least partly be confounded by unobserved family factors.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.