Observational studyBMC endocrine disorders2023
Thyroid function, glycemic control, and diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes over 24 months: prospective observational study.
Observational study in BMC endocrine disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- The causal relationship between diabetes mellitus and hashimoto thyroiditis: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis.Medicine · 2026Article
- Another pleiotropic effect of SGLT2 inhibitors: Is it a new frontier in thyroid function regulation?Thyroid research · 2026Review
- Effect of Ethnicity on the Relationship Between Telomere Length and Metabolic Markers in Kuwait.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- The role of advanced glycation end products between thyroid function and diabetic nephropathy and metabolic disorders.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- The Correlation Between Impaired Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity and Diabetic Nephropathy in Euthyroid Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Article
- Correlation of serum thyrotropin and thyroid hormone levels with diabetic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2024Article
- Prevalence of thyroid disorders among the diabetic population in Arar, Saudi Arabia.Saudi medical journal · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in type 1 diabetes patients has been well established, whereas it is a matter of debate whether that is also observed in type 2 diabetes patients. This study was conducted to reveal whether higher prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is observed in patients with type 2 diabetes.
methodsWe examined thyroid functions and thyroid autoantibodies in 200 patients with type 2 diabetes and 225 controls, with 24 months follow up for those with type 2 diabetes.
resultsSerum free triiodothyronine (fT3) levels and fT3/free thyroxine (fT4) ratio were significantly lower, while fT4 levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes. The number of patients with thyroid dysfunction or patients positive for thyroid autoantibodies were not different between the two groups. The fT3/fT4 ratio was positively and negatively correlated with serum c-peptide and HbA1c levels, respectively, suggesting that the difference can be attributable to insulin resistance and diabetic control. In the follow-up observation, we found no significant correlation between basal thyrotropin (TSH), fT3, fT4 or fT3/fT4 ratio with the amounts of changes of HbA1c levels at 12 or 24 months after the basal measurements. There was a negative relationship between TSH levels and eGFR at baseline measurements, but TSH levels did not seem to predict future decline of eGFR levels. No relationship was observed between urine albumin/ g‧cre levels and thyroid function.
conclusionThyroid dysfunction and thyroid autoantibodies were not different in prevalence between patients with type 2 diabetes and controls, although in patients with type 2 diabetes, the fT3/fT4 ratio was decreased. Basal thyroid function did not predict future diabetes control or renal function within 24 months of follow-up.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.