ReviewCellular & molecular immunology2023
Type 2 immunity in the brain and brain borders.
Review in Cellular & molecular immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inflammatory cytokine alterations in genetic and clinical high risk groups of psychosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Psychological medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Role of Selected Interleukins in the Development and Progression of Multiple Sclerosis-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Mast Cells in Neuroimmune Interactions: Mechanisms, Pathophysiological Roles, and Therapeutic Implications.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- The Neuroimmune Duality of CD4⁺ T Cells: Drivers of Damage and Repair in the Brain.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic strategies.Translational neurodegeneration · 2026Review
- Peripheral Hematological and Immune-Endocrine Markers in Children with Specific Learning Disorder: An Exploratory Retrospective Case-Control Study.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Targeting IL-33 in Precision Neuroimmunology: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies for CNS Disorders.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2026Review
- Dysregulated glia and periglomerular cells in the olfactory bulb and altered lipocalins in the olfactory epithelium underlie olfactory dysfunction in a murine model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Nuclear dysfunction in aging and neurodegeneration.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
- The lung-brain axis in neurodegeneration: inflammatory, immune, and vascular mechanisms with therapeutic implications.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Comparative Neuropsychiatric Outcomes of JAK Inhibitors, Dupilumab, and Conventional Immunosuppressants in Atopic Dermatitis: A Real-World Cohort Study.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- Opioid-induced transcriptional reprogramming of cerebrospinal fluid immune cells is associated with neuroinflammatory signaling in antiretroviral treated SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Opioid-induced transcriptional reprogramming of cerebrospinal fluid immune cells drives neuroinflammation in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.Research square · 2026Article
- IL-25-ILC2-IL-13 axis improves traumatic brain injury by mediating CXCL-10-dependent regulation of blood brain barrier integrity.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Allergic diseases in early childhood and their association with migraine: a large-scale retrospective study.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- Stromal Cell-Mast Cell Communication Orchestrates Anti-Viral Immunity in the Meninges.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- The potential of targeted IL-4 therapy for the comorbidity of atopic dermatitis and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children via the skin-brain axis.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Article
- The Neuroimmunology of Autism.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recent research in neuroimmunology has revolutionized our understanding of the intricate interactions between the immune system and the central nervous system (CNS). The CNS, an "immune-privileged organ", is now known to be intimately connected to the immune system through different cell types and cytokines. While type 2 immune responses have traditionally been associated with allergy and parasitic infections, emerging evidence suggests that these responses also play a crucial role in CNS homeostasis and disease pathogenesis. Type 2 immunity encompasses a delicate interplay among stroma, Th2 cells, innate lymphoid type 2 cells (ILC2s), mast cells, basophils, and the cytokines interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-25, TSLP and IL-33. In this review, we discuss the beneficial and detrimental roles of type 2 immune cells and cytokines in CNS injury and homeostasis, cognition, and diseases such as tumors, Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.