ArticlePediatric research2023
Obstructive sleep apnea in children with Down syndrome: contribution of upper airway and chemosensitivity.
Article in Pediatric research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between upper airway obstruction and pulmonary hypertension in children with Down syndrome.Current opinion in pulmonary medicine · 2026Review
- Sex-specific upper airway morphological alterations are associated with obstructive sleep apnea severity in Down syndrome.Research square · 2026Article
- Sleep apnea is associated with reduced daytime blood pressure variability in adults with Down syndrome.Scientific reports · 2025Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in children with Down syndrome (DS) has been attributed to a reduced upper airway size, while the role of ventilatory control is unclear. The objectives of our case-control study were to evaluate the upper airway reduction in children with DS and moderate to severe OSAS as compared to typically developing (TD) children with similar OSAS severity and to evaluate the degree of chemical loop gain modifications including its components: controller and plant gains (CG, PG).
methodsThirteen children with DS were matched for age, sex, OSAS severity and ethnicity with 26 TD children. They had undergone acoustic rhinometry and pharyngometry, chemical LG obtained during awake tidal breathing measurement and hypercapnic-hyperoxic ventilatory response testing.
resultsAs compared to TD, children with DS depicted reduced oropharyngeal dimensions, significantly lower CG and LG and no different PG. Their hypercapnic ventilatory response slopes were not different.
conclusionsWe concluded that the decreased CG in DS was related to decreased peripheral chemoreceptor sensitivity, and while central chemosensitivity was normal, the former explained the increased end-tidal PCO IMPACT: Reduced upper airway size and nocturnal alveolar hypoventilation in children with Down syndrome (DS) have been previously reported. We confirmed that children with DS and moderate-to-severe OSA have reduced oropharyngeal size as compared to typically developing children with similar OSAS severity and demonstrated decreased peripheral chemosensitivity explaining the alveolar hypoventilation observed in children with DS. Central chemosensitivity appears to be intact in children with DS and moderate to severe OSAS Our results support growing evidence that Down syndrome is associated with autonomic nervous system dysfunction.
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