ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Sex and interferon gamma signaling regulate microglia migration in the adult mouse cortex in vivo.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex-specific role of microglia in ΔNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Microglial Adaptations to Chronic Nicotine in the Cerebellum: Proteomic Evidence for Neuroimmune Vulnerability.Journal of proteome research · 2026Article
- Article
- Age-associated microglial heterogeneity includes emergence of mobile microglial states.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- CNS resident macrophages exhibit region-specific states and immunogenic responses during Rbpj-deficient brain arteriovenous malformation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Single-nucleus RNA sequencing reveals the specific molecular signatures of myeloid cells responding to brain injury after microglial replacement.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Article
- Ultrastructural features of psychological stress resilience in the brain: a microglial perspective.Open biology · 2024Review
- Sex and Gender Differences in Alzheimer's Disease: Genetic, Hormonal, and Inflammation Impacts.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Microglia at the blood brain barrier in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2024Review
- Minding the Gap: Exploring Neuroinflammatory and Microglial Sex Differences in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Although microglia possess the unique ability to migrate, whether mobility is evident in all microglia, is sex dependent, and what molecular mechanisms drive this, is not well understood in the adult brain. Using longitudinal in vivo two-photon imaging of sparsely labeled microglia, we find a relatively small population of microglia (~5%) are mobile under normal conditions. Following injury (microbleed), the fraction of mobile microglia increased in a sex-dependent manner, with male microglia migrating significantly greater distances toward the microbleed relative to their female counterparts. To understand the signaling pathways involved, we interrogated the role of interferon gamma (IFNγ). Our data show that in male mice, stimulating microglia with IFNγ promotes migration whereas inhibiting IFNγ receptor 1 signaling inhibits them. By contrast, female microglia were generally unaffected by these manipulations. These findings highlight the diversity of microglia migratory responses to injury, its dependence on sex and the signaling mechanisms that modulate this behavior.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.