Observational studyRenal failure2023
U-shaped association of serum magnesium with mild cognitive impairment among hemodialysis patients: a multicenter study.
Observational study in Renal failure, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cross-sectional Associations of Serum Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride with Cognition in Patients on Hemodialysis: The Osaka Dialysis Complication Study (ODCS).Kidney medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between Domestic Water Hardness and MRI-Based Measures of Brain Volume: Evidence from the UK Biobank.Health data science · 2026Article
- Effect of serum magnesium level on carotid intima media thickness in hemodialysis patients.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Stress hyperglycemia ratio and risk of incident myocardial infarction in the general population: a large-scale cohort study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- The Concurrent Association of Magnesium and Calcium Deficiencies with Cognitive Function in Older Hospitalized Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The U-shaped association between serum direct bilirubin and incident mild cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients: a multicenter study.BMC psychiatry · 2024Article
- Magnesium Is a Vital Ion in the Body-It Is Time to Consider Its Supplementation on a Routine Basis.Clinics and practice · 2024Review
- Neuroprotective effects of magnesium: implications for neuroinflammation and cognitive decline.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe optimal serum magnesium level of patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) with cognitive impairment is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum magnesium levels and mild cognitive impairment among HD patients.
methodsThis was a multicenter observational study. Patients undergoing hemodialysis from 22 dialysis centers in Guizhou Province, China were recruited into the study. HD patients were divided into five groups according to serum magnesium quintile. Cognitive function was measured with Mini Mental State Examination. The outcome was an incident mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline and subgroup analysis were applied to explore the association of serum magnesium level with MCI.
resultsAmong 3562 HD patients (mean age 54.3 years, 60.1% male), the prevalence of MCI was 27.2%. After adjusting for confounders, serum magnesium 0.41-0.83 mmol/L [odds ratios (OR) 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-2.18] had a higher risk of MCI compared with serum magnesium of 1.19-1.45 mmol/L. A U-shaped association was identified between the serum magnesium and incident MCI (P for non-linearity = 0.004). The optimal range of magnesium level with the lowest risk of MCI was 1.12-1.24 mmol/L. As the serum magnesium level was lower than 1.12 mmol/L, the risk of MCI decreased by 24% per standard deviation (SD) increase in serum magnesium (OR 0.76, 95%CI: 0.62-0.93); when the serum magnesium level exceeds 1.24 mmol/L, a rise per SD increased the risk of MCI by 21% (OR = 1.20, 95%CI: 1.02-1.43). Subgroup analyses demonstrated that the associations were robust among individuals with low educational level, smoking, living alone, no working, and without hypertension or diabetes.
conclusionsSerum magnesium has a U-shaped association with MCI among HD patients. Both lower and higher serum magnesium can increase the risk of MCI for this population specifically. The optimal serum magnesium range with the lowest risk of MCI was 1.12-1.24 mmol/L.
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