Observational studyFrontiers in endocrinology2023
Tocilizumab improves clinical outcome in patients with active corticosteroid-resistant moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy: an observational study.
Observational study in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunomodulators in Graves' ophthalmopathy: a systematic review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of Tocilizumab for thyroid eye disease: a systemic review and Meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative efficacy and safety of rituximab, tocilizumab, and teprotumumab in Graves' orbitopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Eye (London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- The role of monoclonal antibodies against IL-6 or IL-6R in the treatment of thyroid eye disease.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- What has changed in thyroid eye disease in the last five years (2020-2025).European thyroid journal · 2026Review
- Exploring the Therapeutic Mechanism of Xiehuo Pingtu San in Treating Thyroid Eye Disease Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Selective extraocular muscle regression following tocilizumab in active thyroid associated ophthalmopathy: a 3D MRI-based retrospective study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- The Relevance and Potential Role of Orbital Fat in Inflammatory Orbital Diseases: Implications for Diagnosis and Treatment.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Review
- Current concepts of tocilizumab efficacy in active moderate-to-severe corticosteroid-resistant cases of Graves' orbitopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Review
- Cerium oxide nanoparticles attenuates fibrosis and inflammation in thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy via JNK pathway.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Article
- Emerging therapeutic approaches in graves' ophthalmopathy: an update on pharmacological interventions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Tocilizumab for the management of corticosteroid-resistant GO combined with OMG: a case series.BMC ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Refractory Graves Orbitopathy From Real-World Clinical Practice: An Observational Study.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Novel perspectives on the pharmacological treatment of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Immunological Processes in the Orbit and Indications for Current and Potential Drug Targets.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Therapeutic targets for fibro-inflammation in Graves' orbitopathy.Taiwan journal of ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the orbital fat and muscles. A significant role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of GO has been described and tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 inhibitor targeting IL-6R has been given in some patients. The aim of our case study was to evaluate the therapeutic outcome of TCZ in non-responders to first line treatments with corticosteroids. Methods: We conducted an observational study of patients with moderate to severe GO. Twelve patients received TCZ in intravenous infusions at a dose of 8mg/kg every 28 days for 4 months and followed up for additionally 6 weeks. The primary outcome was improvement in CAS by at least 2 points, 6 weeks after the last dose of TCZ. Secondary outcomes included CAS <3 (inactive disease) 6 weeks after TCZ last dose, reduced TSI levels, proptosis reduction by > 2mm and diplopia response. Results: The primary outcome, was achieved in all patients 6 weeks after treatment course. Furthermore all patients had inactive disease 6 weeks after treatment cessation. Treatment with TCZ reduced significantly median CAS by 3 units (p=0.002), TSI levels by 11.02 IU/L (p=0.006), Hertel score on the right eye by 2.3 mm (p=0.003), Hertel score on the left eye by 1.6 mm (p=0.002), while diplopia persisted in fewer patients (25%) after treatment with TCZ (not statistically significant, p=0.250). After treatment with TCZ, there was a radiological improvement in 75% of patients, while 16.7% showed no response, and in 8.3% of patients deterioration was established. Conclusion: Tocilizumab appears to be a safe and cost effective therapeutic option for patients with active, corticosteroid-resistant, moderate to severe Graves' orbitopathy.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.